LING55AC Lecture 5 - Indigenous Languages (Hinton 2022 Chps 1, 6-7)

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5 Terms

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Language Family

Languages that share a common ancestor (e.g., Romance languages, Ohlone language family)

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Language Isolate

A language with no known shared ancestor language (e.g., Basque)

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Sound Correspondences

Systematic phonetic relationships used by linguists to determine if languages are historically related

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Language Superfamilies

Larger groupings that may connect multiple language families (e.g., Hokan, Penutian in California)

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High Linguistic Density in California

Driven by resource-rich environments, trade networks, pre-contact immigration, and historical language diversification