BIOL 2401 Unit 3 Lab: Skeletal Muscles of Upper and Lower Extremities

Vocabulary practice flashcards covering all tested skeletal muscles and connective tissues of the upper and lower extremities for BIOL 2401 Lab Exam 3.

Deltoid

A major muscle covering the shoulder, identifiable on both anterior and posterior views of the upper arm model.

Supraspinatus

A muscle located superior to the scapular spine on the posterior view of the upper arm and shoulder model.

Infraspinatus

A muscle located inferior to the scapular spine on the posterior view of the upper arm and shoulder model.

Teres minor

A small shoulder muscle situated between the infraspinatus and teres major on the posterior view of the upper arm model.

Teres major

A shoulder muscle located inferior to the teres minor on the posterior view of the upper arm model.

Biceps brachii

A prominent muscle located on the anterior compartment of the upper arm model.

Triceps brachii

A large three-headed muscle situated on the posterior compartment of the arm model.

Brachialis

An anterior/lateral arm muscle situated deep to the biceps brachii on the arm model, specifically highlighted for review.

Coracobrachialis

A muscle of the medial anterior upper arm, specifically noted on the anterior view of the upper arm model for lab review.

Brachioradialis

A superficial muscle running along the lateral and radial side of the forearm, visible in both palms-up and palms-down views.

Pronator teres

An anterior forearm muscle that runs obliquely across the proximal forearm, visible in the palms-up view.

Flexor carpi radialis

A superficial anterior forearm muscle running along the radial side, visible in the palms-up view.

Palmaris longus

A slender superficial muscle on the anterior forearm between the flexor carpi radialis and flexor carpi ulnaris, terminating in the palmar fascia.

Flexor carpi ulnaris

A superficial muscle running along the medial/ulnar border of the anterior and posterior forearm.

Flexor digitorum superficialis

An intermediate muscle of the anterior forearm beneath the superficial flexors, visible on the lower arm model in palms-up view.

Anconeus

A small triangular muscle located at the posterior aspect of the elbow joint, visible in the palms-down view of the forearm model.

Extensor digitorum

A primary muscle of the posterior forearm that extends the medial four digits, visible in palms-down view.

Extensor carpi ulnaris

A muscle of the posterior forearm running along the ulnar border that acts to extend and adduct the wrist.

Extensor carpi radialis longus

A superficial muscle located on the posterior/radial forearm that extends and abducts the wrist.

Extensor carpi radialis brevis

A posterior forearm muscle located adjacent to the extensor carpi radialis longus, visible in the palms-down view.

Supinator

A deep forearm muscle exposed on the posterior/lateral arm model when superficial muscles are removed.

Abductor pollicis longus

A deep muscle of the posterior forearm that abducts the thumb, visible when superficial forearm muscles are removed.

Abductor digiti minimi (hand)

An intrinsic hand muscle located on the hypothenar eminence that abducts the little finger; highlighted as asked on the lab exam.

Flexor pollicis brevis

An intrinsic hand muscle located on the thenar eminence that flexes the thumb; highlighted as asked on the lab exam.

Tensor fasciae latae

A lateral muscle of the hip that extends the knee and laterally rotates the knee.

Gluteus maximus

The largest posterior hip muscle that forms the mass of the buttock, acts as the prime hip extensor, and provides most of the lift when climbing stairs.

Gluteus medius and minimus

Lateral hip muscles that abduct and medially rotate the thigh.

Quadriceps femoris group

The four-part anterior thigh muscle group consisting of the rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, and vastus intermedius.

Vastus intermedius

A quadriceps femoris muscle located deep to the rectus femoris on the anterior thigh.

Sartorius

A long, strap-like superficial muscle that runs diagonally across the anterior thigh from the lateral hip to the medial knee.

Gracilis

A superficial, long, slender medial thigh muscle that adducts the thigh.

Adductor longus

A medial thigh muscle situated between the gracilis and pectineus/iliopsoas that adducts the thigh.

Adductor magnus

A large medial thigh muscle situated posterior to the adductor longus and gracilis.

Hamstring group

The posterior thigh muscle group composed of the semitendinosus, semimembranosus, and biceps femoris; only the semitendinosus and biceps femoris are asked on the lab test.

Biceps femoris

The lateral member of the hamstring muscle group, located on the posterior/lateral thigh.

Semitendinosus

A medial member of the hamstring muscle group located superficially on the posterior thigh; tested on the lab exam.

Semimembranosus

A medial hamstring muscle lying deep to the semitendinosus on the posterior thigh.

Iliopsoas

A composite muscle formed by the psoas major and iliacus that flexes the thigh at the hip joint.

Iliotibial tract

A thick band of connective tissue running down the lateral aspect of the thigh from the tensor fasciae latae and gluteus maximus.

Gastrocnemius

The large superficial two-headed muscle of the posterior calf that plantarflexes the foot.

Soleus

A broad, flat posterior calf muscle situated deep to the gastrocnemius.

Calcaneal tendon

Also known as the Achilles tendon; connective tissue band that attaches the gastrocnemius and soleus to the calcaneus.

Tibialis anterior

The primary muscle of the anterior compartment of the leg that dorsiflexes and inverts the foot.

Tibialis anterior tendon

The tendon of the anterior compartment of the leg crossing the anterior-medial ankle to insert on the foot.

Origin of Tibialis anterior

The proximal attachment site located along the lateral condyle and upper lateral shaft of the tibia.

Insertion of Tibialis anterior

The distal attachment site located on the medial cuneiform and base of the first metatarsal of the foot.

Extensor digitorum longus

An anterior leg muscle located lateral to the tibialis anterior whose tendons divide to extend digits 2 through 5.

Fibularis longus

A muscle located in the lateral compartment of the lower leg that everts and plantarflexes the foot.

Fibularis brevis

A lateral compartment muscle lying deep and distal to the fibularis longus in the lower leg.

Popliteus

A deep muscle situated behind the knee joint, visible on the posterior leg model when the gastrocnemius and soleus are removed.

Tibialis posterior

A deep muscle of the posterior lower leg compartment located between the flexor digitorum longus and flexor hallucis longus.

Flexor hallucis longus

A deep muscle of the posterior leg compartment that flexes the great toe (hallux).

Flexor digitorum longus

A deep muscle of the posterior compartment of the lower leg that flexes the lateral four toes.

Flexor digitorum brevis

An intrinsic muscle on the plantar (inferior) surface of the foot that flexes the middle phalanges of the lateral four digits.

Abductor hallucis

An intrinsic muscle on the medial side of the plantar (inferior) foot that abducts the great toe.

Abductor digiti minimi (foot)

An intrinsic muscle on the lateral margin of the plantar (inferior) foot that abducts the fifth toe.