Lecture 5 - ATP and other activated carriers

What are the two major types of metabolic reactions?

catabolic and anabolic reactions

What is catabolism?

breakdown of molecules that releases energy

What is anabolism?

building of complex molecules which requires energy

What connects catabolism and anabolism?

activated carrier molecules

What does ATP carry?

chemical energy

What does NADH carry?

redox/electron transfer potential

What does ΔG < 0 mean?

reaction spontaneous and favourable

What does ΔG = 0 mean?

reaction at equilibrium

What does a large Keq indicate?

products favoured and g negative

What does a small Keq indicate?

reactants favoured and g positive

What is ATP hydrolysis?

atp + h20 = adp + pi

What is the ΔG°′ of ATP hydrolysis?

-30.5 jk mol

Can an enzyme make an unfavourable reaction favourable?

no

How can an unfavourable reaction be driven forward?

couple it to a favorable reaction

What happens when ATP hydrolysis is coupled to an unfavourable reaction?

becomes favorable, more product

Can ATP hydrolysis drive physical work?

yes

What is a redox reaction?

reaction involving electron transfer

What is oxidation?

loss of electrons

What is reduction?

gain of electrons

What does ΔE°′ represent?

standard redox potential

What does a positive ΔE°′ mean for ΔG°′?

negative g

What is oxidative phosphorylation?

energy from electron transfer converted to atp

Which molecules donate electrons during oxidative phosphorylation?

nadh, fadh2

What is the terminal electron acceptor in oxidative phosphorylation?

o2

What happens to oxygen during oxidative phosphorylation?

o2 accepts electrons, reduced to water