GEOL 102 mid term study (part 5)

Before the Plate Tectonics theory, mountains and sedimentary basins were interpreted as formed by ____________.

 

cooling and contraction of the crust

The earth’s outer core is inferred to be liquid. This information is obtained by analyzing the __________.

 

shadow zones of P- and S-waves

The plastic layer within the Earth’s upper mantle is called the__________.

asthenosphere

Strike and dip of strata are_____________.

 

perpendicular to each other

The continental crust is __________the oceanic crust.

 

thicker and less dense than

The Moho discontinuity marks the boundary between _____________.

 

the crust and the mantle

Thermo-remnant magnetism is found in_________.

 

igneous rocks

Evidence for continental drifts includes the following except for__________.

 

the volcanic rocks exposed in eastern African rift

Magnetic stripes on the sea floor are evidence of_________.

 

seafloor spreading

Alfred Wegener envisioned the concept of a supercontinent of the past called________.

Pangaea

Select the transform fault margin below: ___________.

 

Western US along San Andreas fault

Earthquakes can be recorded by seismographs as seismograms. In a seismogram that recorded an earthquake, P-wave, S-wave (P- and S-waves are called body waves), and surface waves (Love and Rayleigh waves) arrive at slightly different times. The right order of P-wave, S-wave, and surface wave arrival in a seismogram would be ____________.

 

P-wave first, followed by S-wave and then surface wave

The inference of a metallic inner core of the Earth is based on the following except for _____________.

 

the isostasy of the continental and oceanic crust

Re-melting of subducted crust happens at_______________.

 

trenches in convergent margins

Which of the following contains older rocks in the center and younger rocks on the flanks?

Anticline

The Himalaya mountains represent the result of________________.

 

continental - continental collision

The eastern African Rift and Red Sea represent examples of_______________.

 

continental rifting

The "ring of fires" refers to______________.

 

the volcanos and hot spots surrounding the Pacific Plate

In continents, regions with exposure of crystalline basement of Precambrian age (> 2.5 billion years) that are stable and undeformed during the past 500 Ma are named as ______________.

 

continental shields

Regional metamorphism is commonly seen in_____________.

 

convergent plate boundary like the Himalaya mountains