Sustainability

Stop, Spread, Sink, Shade

Water Management Ss

Intensive agriculture

________: gives a high yield but has negative effects on the environment.

Sustainability

________: meets the needs of today without compromising future generations ability to meet their own.

Subsistence agriculture

________: lower yields as people are too poor to purchase the inputs to improve yield.

Relay cropping

________: growing one thing (like a cereal) and following it with another (like a legume)

Precision farming

________: site- specific crop management; GPS can be used to monitor crop growth, color when fertilizer or water is needed, and how much.

Deforestation

________ can cause erosion /loss of the topsoil;"slash and burn.

Irrigation

________ can reduce soil quality by leading to a build- up of unwanted salts.

Soil microbiology

________: identifying beneficial microbes.

Soil Quality

________: need to maintain nutrients (replenish them with fertilizer and organic material)

On-Farm

(Mostly in developing countries) soil nutrient depletion, over-grazing of cattle, deforestation to provide more land for crops, but soil quality is not sufficient for more than 1-2 years, and urban development

Yield Gap

measures the difference between potential yield and actual yield

No-till Farming

(with or without herbicide) prevents soil erosion by allowing water to soak more gently into the ground, returns nutrients to the soil, builds up organic material in the soil

Off-Farm Effects

(mostly high impact ag) Fertilizer run-off, tends to affect the general public