OT Lit Exam 2

Dr. Dunham

Why is Joshua a prophet?

Joshua and himself and the book are prophetic because he makes a prophecy cursing anyone who attempts to rebuild Jericho

2 words that describe Biblical story

redemptive

conventional

Where does Joshua pick up

Where Deuteronomy ends- after Moses’s death

Purpose of Joshua

To showcase the opening stages of God’s fulfillment of his promise to give them the land

Literary structure of Joshua

4 parts that all focus on Israel’s relationship to the land

What position are the judges most comparable to?

A modern-day governor

The total amount of time the judges ruled is longer than that period of Israel’s history. What explains this?

Many judges overlap (they had regional power)

What is Judges framed around

Bookended by Iill-fated military campaigns; in the middle, spiritual apostasy

Theocratic annointing

God dwelled in their midst to empower leaders

Structure of Judges

Central judge is Gideon (“Archetype of judges”); most exemplifies the corruption of priest-king theme

Why is the Angel of the Lord so prominent in Judges?

There was a vacuum of godly leadership

Is Gideon’s fleece an example to follow?

No; it came from a lack of faith; however God was faithful regardless

Purpose of 1 & 2 Samuel

1. To document God’s faithfulness in giving their promised king

2. to transition from Judges (everyone doing right in his own eyes → under a king)

Structure of Samuel

Revolves around 3 poems:

1. Hannah’s song

2. David’s lament

3. David’s psalm of praise

Which major enemy was broken by David and ceased to be a threat afterward?

The Philistines

Was Israel’s desire for a king bad?

No; God promised one, but they had the wrong timing and motivation

Major themes of 1 & 2 Samuel

• Yahweh as supreme king

• David as a co-regent

• Repentance and forgiveness

• Prophets and prophecy

Emphasis of Davidic covenant

• Assured promise

• Corporate rather than individual

• Eternal in nature

• Linked to Israel

David’s prohibition of building the temple

David spent his whole life as a warrior; the temple is represented as a sanctuary kingdom (peace)

Pivot of 1 & 2 Kings

Israel fails the test / apostasy

Solomon building a temple for himself and Pharaoh’s daughter

misplaced priority

When does 1 & 2 Kings take places

Mostly the Neo-Assyrian Empire

During this time, the Assyrians:

1. Deport Israel

2. Sack Samaria & eradicate the northern kingdom

3. Sennecherib’s siege of Jerusalem

Jehoiachin

Continued the evil practices of his predecessors.

He is cursed in Jeremiah 22

1 & 2 Kings answer which question?

Why are we in exile?

2 Criteria that kings were evaluated by

1. Are they faithful

2. What did they do for the temple

Isaiah

Longest tenured prophet in Israel’s history, about 60 years

What made the OT prophets different from near east prophets?

Prophetic consciousnessP

Prophetic consciousness

1. Divine call

2. Divine empowerment by the spirit (revelation)

3 Tasks of prophets

1. God’s messengers

2. Covenant enforcers

3. Foretellers

ANE Drama kings

Isaiah encouraged Hezekiah to trust the Lord during the siege of Jerusalem, God delivered them

Key of Isaiah

1st part; judgment

2nd part: salvation

What’s notable about Jeremiah

he was a contemporary to several other prophets

Where did Jeremiah die?

In exile in Egypt

Structure of Jeremiah

7 Major parts

2 books: suffering and consolation

Which book of Jeremiah is the more significant to the New Covenant

Book 2 (comfort/consolation)

New Covenant understanding

Only 1; established with Christ on the cross; fulfilled in national Israel

Who were both prophets and priests?

• Jeremiah

• Zechariah

• Ezekiel

Meaning of Ezekiel’s title “son of man”

Sufferer subject to limitations of man

When does Ezekiel pivot from bad new to good news

When he hears that Jerusalem had fallen

Why is the temple in Ezekiel 40-48 still in the future

• Other temples dont match

• Described intricacy

• No temple in new jerusalem

→ Likely during 1000-year reign

Is Gomer a cult prostitute before Hosea marries her

No; likely after

This would mirror Israel’s descent into sin

When is Joel likely dated an why

During Ahaz’s reign; the locust plague (actual; foreshadow the battle)

Key theme of Joel

Day of the Lord and the divine lawyer

Which king did both Amos and Jonah prophesy under?

Jeroboam II

Focus of Amos

• Sovereignty

• The remnant

• Restoration of Davidic kingdom

Obadiah primary subject matter

God’s judgment of Edom

Jonah theme

God’s compassion for nations other than Israel

When is Nahum dated?

around 630 BC

Haggai themes

• Glory

• servant

• signet ring

Focus of Zechariah

Focus on joshua the priest; foreshadow coming Messiah

Malachi date

between nehemiah’s 2 trips to Israel, around 430 BC