abeka biology 10 section 3.3

might redo this later bc i hate it (edit: i redid it jsyk)

simple fruits

fruit that forms from a flower that has only one pistil

aggregate fruits

form from one flower that has several pistils

multiple fruits

form from several flowers

berries

simple fruits in which the entire ovary is fleshy and juicy throughout

tomatoes, grapes, cucumbers, watermelons, oranges

give some examples of *berries*.

drupes

also fleshy and juicy, but not throughout the entire fruit

stone

outer fleshy layer and an inner woody layer that surrounds the seed

peaches, plums, cherries, olives, apricots, mangoes, walnuts

give some examples of *drupes*.

pomes

simple fruits with an outer fleshy layer and an inner papery core

apples and pears

give some examples of *pomes*.

legumes

simple fruits that consist of a pod enclosing several seeds

peas, beans, peanuts

give some examples of *legumes*.

samaras

consist of small dry seeds with one or more wing-like structures attached to them

maples, ashes, elms

give some examples of *samaras*.

nuts

simple dry fruits consisting of a seed enclosed in a hard covering, or shell

chestnuts, hickory nuts, hazelnuts, acorns

give some examples of *nuts*.

achenes

simple fruits consisting of a seed and a shell

grains

the fruits of the grass family

barley, oats, rye, corn, rice

give some examples of *grains*.

fruit

**fill in the blank**

\
each kernel of grain is actually a complete ______ consisting of a seed and a shell.

cereal

**fill in the blank**

\
among the fruits used by man, the _______ grains rank as most important

rice

cereal grain that feeds more people than any other

wheat

most important cereal in the United States and Europe

oats

most important cereal in the united states and europe

* fleshy
* dry

**two answer fill in the blank**

\
all fruits are considered to be either ________ or ____

simple fleshy fruits

include berries, drupes, and pomes

simple dry fruits

include legumes, samaras, nuts, grains, and achenes

aggregate fruits

form from one flower that has several pistils

multiple fruits

form from several flowers

fig and pineapple

give some examples of *multiple fruits*.

wheat

 the staff of life

husk

outer layer of wheat; chaff

bran

the shell-like fruit covering that can be removed only by milling

endosperm

makes up about **85%** of the kernel, is the part that is used in making white flour

germ

embryo of the wheat

enriched

**fill in the blank**

\
to help make up for the nutrients lost during processing, white flour is _________ by adding vitamins and minerals to the flour

scatter seeds

**fill in the blank**

\
the primary function of fruits is to _______ _______

viable

able to germinate and grow

agent dispersal

an outside agent carries the seeds

mechanical dispersal

scatter their seeds by bursting open when they are ripe and catapulting the seeds to a new location