Coastal/Flood management

Coastal Stratargies : Milford on sea defences

HARD ENG:

Groynes: trap sediment transported by LSD and build up breach.

Sea wall: reflects wave energy and protects base of cliffs.

SOFT ENG:

Beach nourishment: 4000 shingle added to beach every winter to remove material removed by waves.

Effects and conflicts of Milford on sea coast strats

-Build up beach which attracts tourists = economic benefits

- Businesses and homes protected.

-Habitats affected by hard engineering

Need for protection Milford on sea

- 2 metres lost per year if no action taken.

- Historical Landmark

Hurst Castle at risk.

Example of flood management- Boscastle

Managment:

-Widen river channel upstream.

-New flood defence wall.

Issues:

-People have time to protect their properties, eg with sandbags.

River Management Schemes

Hard Engineering:

Deepening or widening river to increase capacity for a flood.

Artificial Levees – heightens river so flood water is contained.

Soft Engineering:

Afforestation – plant trees to soak up rainwater, reduces flood risk.

Managed Flooding – naturally let areas flood, protect settlements.

Coastal Defences-Hard Engineering Defences

Groynes - Wood barriers prevent longshore drift, so the beach can build up.

Beach still accessible.

No deposition furtherdown coast = erodes faster.

Sea Walls - Concrete walls break up the energy of the wave . Has a lip to stop waves going over.

Long life span

Gabions or Rip Rap - Cages of rocks/boulders absorb the waves energy, protecting the cliff behind.

Cheap

Will need replacing.

Coastal defences- Soft engineering Defences

Beach Nourishment - Beaches built up with sand, so waves have to travel further before eroding cliffs.

Cheap

Storms = need replacing.

Managed Retreat - Low value areas of the coast are left to flood & erode.

Reduce flood risk

Compensation for land.