Kinesiology Action

Erector Spinae: Longissimus Portion

Head, neck, and trunk extension and lateral flexion; pelvic elevation

Erector Spinae: Spinalis portion

Bilateral: Neck and trunk extension

Unilateral: Neck and trunk lateral bending

Erector Spinae: Spinalis Portion

Bilateral: Neck and trunk extension

Unilateral: Neck and trunk lateral bending

Transversospinalis

Bilateral: Neck and trunk extension

Unilateral: Neck and trunk rotation to opposite side

Unilateral: Rotation to same side

Interspinales

Neck and trunk extension

Intertransversarii

neck and trunk lateral flexion to same side

Quadratus Lumborum

Trunk lateral flexion to same side, pelvic elevation on same side

Diaphram

Inspiration

External Intercostal

Elevates ribs during inspiration

Internal Intercostal

Depress ribs during expiration

Sternocleidomastoid

Bilateral: Head and neck flexion

Unilateral: Lateral neck flexion to same side; rotation of head to opposite side

Accessory muscle of ventilation

Scalenes

Bilateral: Neck flexion

Unilateral Lateral neck flexion to same side

Accessory muscle of ventilation

Prevertebral muscles

Flex head and neck, as in “tuck the chin”; assists in lateral flexion of head on neck

Splenius Capitis

Bilateral: Head and neck extension

Unilateral: lateral flexion and rotation of head to same side

Splenius Cervicis

Bilateral: Neck extension

Unilateral: Lateral flexion to same side

Suboccipital Muscles

Extension of head on neck and assists with lateral flexion and rotation to the same side

Rectus Abdominis

Trunk flexion; compression of abdomen

When pelvis stabilized: depresses ribs

Accessory muscle of ventilation

external oblique

Bilateral: Trunk flexion; compression of abdomen

Unilateral: Trunk lateral flexion with rotation to opposite side

When pelvis stabilized: depresses ribs

Accessory muscle of ventilation

Internal obliques

Bilateral: Trunk flexion; compression of abdomen

Unilateral: Trunk flexion with rotation to same side

When pelvis stabilized: Depresses ribs

Accessory muscle of ventilation

Transverse Abdominis

Compression of abdomen

Accessory muscle of ventilation