* Patient Care (Ch 7, 8, 10) 10-08-2025 & 10-15-25

What must you wear when performing a NICU chest X-ray?

Hat mask and sterile attire for infection prevention

What is a PICC line?

Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter placed in a peripheral vein and advanced toward the heart

What does PICC stand for?

Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter

Is a PICC line peripheral or central?

Peripheral entry but functions as a central line ending near the heart

Where does a central line go?

Inserted in the upper chest through the subclavian vein into the superior vena cava

Where might a baby's line go in the NICU?

Through the umbilical vein into the inferior vena cava

Why is infection prevention critical for NICU procedures?

Because infants have underdeveloped immune systems and sterile technique prevents infection

What is the main protocol for NICU X-ray procedures?

Wear hat mask and sterile gear before entering to maintain sterile field

What is the biggest risk when imaging pediatric patients?

Motion

What should you always do before leaving a pediatric patient?

Return side rails up and notify the nurse

Should splints be removed for pediatric or trauma wrist exams?

No splints should not be removed unless ordered by a physician

When injecting contrast in a patient under 18 what must you do?

Obtain parental consent and verify allergies

What must always be verified before injecting contrast?

Check for allergies especially iodine or shellfish

What must be done after injecting contrast?

Monitor patient for reactions and report any immediately

What is the primary concern when transferring geriatric patients?

Fragile skin that can tear easily

What is the term for fragile or thin skin in elderly patients?

Dehisced or friable skin

How should geriatric patients be moved or transferred?

Reduce friction use sheets move slowly to avoid skin tears

What type of doctor specializes in bones and muscles?

MSK radiologist musculoskeletal specialist

What does MSK stand for?

Musculoskeletal

What body system does musculoskeletal include?

Bones muscles and joints

What does neurological refer to?

Brain and nervous system

What does cardiovascular refer to?

Heart and blood vessels

What is a closed head injury?

Brain trauma without skull fracture

What should never be done with a spinal cord injury patient?

Never move them unless instructed maintain spinal alignment

What airway technique is used for spinal injury patients?

Jaw thrust maneuver

Are spinal cord injuries always permanent?

No recovery depends on severity

What indicates a hip fracture in a trauma patient?

Lower leg externally rotated and foreshortened

What is important when turning a post operative hip patient?

Keep a pillow between legs to prevent internal rotation or adduction

Why must hip patients be turned carefully after surgery?

To prevent aspiration if nauseated and to maintain alignment

What is arthroplasty?

Surgical repair or replacement of a joint with an artificial component

What does ecchymosis mean?

Oozing of blood into tissues causing discoloration similar to a bruise

How is ecchymosis spelled correctly?

E C C H Y M O S I S

What branch of medicine focuses on aging?

Geriatrics

What does neonatal refer to?

Newborn period from birth through about 29 days of life

What does hypoxia mean?

Low oxygen levels in the body

What does hypovolemia mean?

Low blood volume due to fluid loss dehydration or shock

What is a prosthesis?

An artificial limb or body part used to replace an amputated one

What is the difference between prosthesis and arthroplasty?

Prosthesis replaces a limb arthroplasty replaces or repairs a joint

What does dementia describe?

Loss of memory judgment or abstract thinking due to brain syndrome

What is an organic brain syndrome?

Neurological disorder causing confusion memory loss and poor reasoning

What should you do if a patient becomes aggressive or refuses an exam?

Stop the procedure and notify the nurse or physician

How should you communicate with a confused or agitated patient?

Use calm simple clear communication without judgment

What should be done if a patient's condition changes suddenly?

Stop the exam and call for medical assistance

When must sterile attire always be worn?

During sterile or invasive procedures like NICU imaging or line placement

Who should be notified before and after handling a pediatric patient?

The nurse should be notified to assume responsibility

What must technologists do before performing contrast injection?

Verify correct patient obtain consent and check allergies

How many total questions were on the exam?

13 multiple choice and 10 vocabulary word bank questions

What is the definition of hypovolemia broken down by word parts?

Hypo means low and volemia means volume referring to low blood volume

What happens when geriatric skin is dragged across a surface?

It can shear tear or peel due to loss of elasticity

What is the term for discoloration caused by blood seeping into tissue?

Ecchymosis

What is the most common pediatric risk besides motion?

Falling or injury if left unattended

Who is liable for a pediatric patient once the nurse is notified?

The nurse becomes liable not the technologist

What should always be documented after contrast procedures?

Any reactions patient response and amount of contrast used

What system is responsible for movement and posture?

Musculoskeletal system

What system controls brain and nerve function?

Neurological system

What system pumps blood and maintains circulation?

Cardiovascular system

What should not be done without a doctor's permission on immobilized limbs?

Do not remove splints or immobilizers

What procedure precaution should be taken when patient has spinal trauma?

Use jaw thrust for airway never tilt head

What does hypoxia often result from?

Inadequate oxygen delivery to tissues or lungs

What population is at higher risk of hypovolemia?

Children trauma patients and elderly individuals

What does a prosthetic limb replace?

A missing body part or extremity such as an arm or leg

What should be avoided with arthroplasty patients?

Crossing legs or internal hip rotation

What happens if a hip arthroplasty patient vomits post op?

They must be rolled carefully to prevent aspiration

What is a closed head injury often associated with?

Brain swelling and altered consciousness without fracture

Why should technologists avoid judgmental tone with patients?

To maintain professionalism and reduce patient anxiety

What is required when performing NICU chest imaging?

Full sterile precautions to prevent contamination of infant environment

What is a radiologist specializing in bones called?

MSK doctor or musculoskeletal radiologist

What does geriatric care emphasize?

Preventing skin breakdown ensuring safety and communication

What is the newborn imaging population called?

Neonatal patients

What is the first step when entering NICU for an exam?

Wear hat mask and sterile gloves maintain a sterile field

What should you do if a patient shows signs of confusion during imaging?

Keep instructions short calm and avoid confrontation

What color changes indicate ecchymosis?

Purple blue or yellow discoloration under the skin

What are the two main pediatric communication focuses?

Simplicity and reassurance

When does a prosthesis typically follow an amputation?

After healing when a permanent artificial limb is fitted

What should be checked before giving any injection?

Allergies patient ID and physician order confirmation

What condition means low oxygen in the tissues?

Hypoxia

What condition means low fluid or blood volume?

Hypovolemia

What field specializes in caring for the elderly population?

Geriatrics

What population is defined by birth to about 29 days?

Neonatal

What is a joint replacement procedure called?

Arthroplasty

What is the term for blood discoloration in tissue?

Ecchymosis

What is the artificial replacement for a missing limb?

Prosthesis

How should communication differ with children versus adults?

Simplify language and involve parents when possible

What should be avoided when handling geriatric skin?

Rubbing dragging or pulling the skin

What condition may require jaw thrust technique during CPR?

Suspected spinal cord injury

What should be in place when transporting pediatric patients?

Side rails up and nurse notification

What line goes in the upper chest and ends in superior vena cava?

Central line

What line enters a peripheral vein and advances to the heart?

PICC line

What is the main purpose of sterile attire during NICU X-ray?

Prevent infection in immunocompromised infants

What is the key precaution when imaging trauma patients?

Do not move until cleared maintain spinal and limb alignment

What patient population often experiences fragile skin tears?

Geriatric patients

What system is affected by dementia?

Neurological system

What term describes a patient with reduced reasoning and memory?

Organic brain syndrome

How is aspiration prevented in postoperative hip patients?

Keep pillow between legs and roll patient carefully to the side

What does a patient with external rotation of the leg likely have?

Hip fracture

What is the correct airway method for spinal trauma?

Jaw thrust maneuver

What kind of doctor specializes in bones and joints?

MSK radiologist

What is the proper response to a patient refusing imaging?

Do not force exam notify supervising staff

What should be done before contrast injection?

Verify patient identity check allergies obtain consent

What is considered sterile protocol attire?

Hat mask sterile gown and gloves