Amino Acids MCAT

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Last updated 6:25 PM on 9/24/26

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26 Terms

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Nonpolar/hydrophobic Alkyl Amino Acids

These amino acids have hydrophobic side chains that avoid water and stabilize protein structures by aligning towards the interior of the protein molecule.

Glycine

Alnanine

Valine

Isoleucine

Leucine

Methionene

Proline

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Nonpolar/hydrophobic Aromatic Amino Acids

These amino acids have aromatic rings in their side chains, which can absorb UV light, making them useful in determining protein concentration via spectroscopy.

Phenylananine

Tryptophan

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Polar/hydrophilic Neutral Aromatic Amino Acid

These amino acids have side chains that can form hydrogen bonds with water, making them hydrophilic.

Tyrosine

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Polar/hydrophilic Neutral Nonaromatic Amino Acids

These amino acids have side chains that can form hydrogen bonds with water, making them hydrophilic.

Serine

Threonine

Cysteine

Asparagine

Glutamine

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Polar/Hydrophilic Acidic Negatively Charged Amino Acids

Aspartic Acid

Glutamic Acid

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Polar/hydrophilic Basic Positively Charged Amino Acids

Histidine

Lysine

Arginine

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Alanine (Ala/A)

Nonpolar/hydrophobic Alkyl Amino Acid

CO2H pka 2.35

NH2 pka 9.87

pI 6.11

<p>Nonpolar/hydrophobic Alkyl Amino Acid</p><p><strong>CO2H</strong> pka 2.35</p><p><strong>NH2 </strong>pka 9.87</p><p><strong><em>pI</em></strong> 6.11</p>

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Arginine (Arg/R)

Polar/Hydrophilic Positively Charged Basic Amino Acid

CO2H pka 1.82

NH2 pka 8.99

Sidechain pka 12.48

pI 10.76

<p>Polar/Hydrophilic Positively Charged Basic Amino Acid</p><p><strong>CO2H</strong> pka 1.82</p><p><strong>NH2 </strong>pka 8.99</p><p><strong>Sidechain </strong>pka 12.48</p><p><strong><em>pI </em></strong>10.76</p>

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Asparginine (Asn/N)

Polar/hydrophilic Neutral Nonaromatic Amino Acid

CO2H pka 2.14

NH2 pka 8.72

pI 5.43

<p>Polar/hydrophilic Neutral Nonaromatic Amino Acid</p><p><strong>CO2H</strong> pka 2.14</p><p><strong>NH2 </strong>pka 8.72</p><p><strong><em>pI </em></strong>5.43</p>

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Aspartic Acid (Asp/D)

Polar/Hydrophilic Acidic Negatively Charged Amino Acid

CO2H pka 1.99

NH2 pka 9.90

Sidechain pka 3.90

pI 2.98

<p>Polar/Hydrophilic Acidic Negatively Charged Amino Acid</p><p><strong>CO2H</strong> pka 1.99</p><p><strong>NH2 </strong>pka 9.90</p><p><strong>Sidechain </strong>pka 3.90</p><p><strong><em>pI </em></strong>2.98</p>

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Cysteine (Cys/C)

Polar/hydrophilic Neutral Nonaromatic Amino Acid

CO2H pka 1.92

NH2 pka 10.70

Sidechain pka 8.37

pI 5.15

<p>Polar/hydrophilic Neutral Nonaromatic Amino Acid</p><p><strong>CO2H</strong> pka 1.92</p><p><strong>NH2 </strong>pka 10.70</p><p><strong>Sidechain </strong>pka 8.37</p><p><strong><em>pI </em></strong>5.15</p>

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Glutamic Acid (Glu/E)

Polar/Hydrophilic Acidic Negatively Charged Amino Acid

CO2H pka 2.10

NH2 pka 9.47

Sidechain pka 4.07

pI 3.08

<p>Polar/Hydrophilic Acidic Negatively Charged Amino Acid</p><p><strong>CO2H</strong> pka 2.10</p><p><strong>NH2 </strong>pka 9.47</p><p><strong>Sidechain </strong>pka 4.07</p><p><strong><em>pI 3.08</em></strong></p>

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Glutamine (Gln/Q)

Polar/hydrophilic Neutral Nonaromatic Amino Acid

CO2H pka 2.17

NH2 pka 9.13

pI 5.65

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Glycine (Gly/G)

Nonpolar/hydrophobic Alkyl Amino Acid

CO2H pka 2.35

NH2 pka9.78

pI 6.06

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Histidine (His/H)

Polar/hydrophilic Basic Positively Chaged Amino Acid

CO2H pka 1.80

NH2 pka 9.33

Sidechain pka 6.04

pI 7.64

<p>Polar/hydrophilic Basic Positively Chaged Amino Acid</p><p><strong>CO2H</strong> pka 1.80</p><p><strong>NH2 </strong>pka 9.33</p><p><strong>Sidechain </strong>pka 6.04</p><p><strong><em>pI 7.64</em></strong></p>

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Isoleucine (Ile/I)

Nonpolar/hydrophobic AlkylAmino Acid

CO2H pka 2.32

NH2 pka 9.76

pI 7 6.04

<p>Nonpolar/hydrophobic AlkylAmino Acid</p><p><strong>CO2H</strong> pka 2.32</p><p><strong>NH2 </strong>pka 9.76 </p><p><strong><em>pI 7</em></strong> 6.04</p>

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Leucine (Leu/L)

Nonpolar/hydrophobic Alkyl Amino Acid

CO2H pka 2.33

NH2 pka 9.74

pI 6.04

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Lysine (Lys/K)

Polar/hydrophilic Basic Positively Chaged Amino Acid

CO2H pka 2.16

NH2 pka 9.06

Sidechain pka 10.54

pI 9.47

<p>Polar/hydrophilic Basic Positively Chaged Amino Acid</p><p><strong>CO2H</strong> pka 2.16</p><p><strong>NH2 </strong>pka 9.06</p><p><strong>Sidechain </strong>pka 10.54</p><p><strong><em>pI 9.47</em></strong></p>

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Methionine (Met/M)

Nonpolar/hydrophobic Alkyl Amino Acid

CO2H pka 2.13

NH2 pka 9.28

pI 5.71

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Phenylalanine (Phe/F)

Nonpolar/hydrophobic Aromatic Amino Acid

CO2H pka 2.20

NH2 pka9.31

pI 5.76

<p>Nonpolar/hydrophobic Aromatic Amino Acid</p><p><strong>CO2H</strong> pka 2.20</p><p><strong>NH2 </strong>pka9.31</p><p><strong><em>pI</em></strong> 5.76</p>

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Proline (Pro/P)

Nonpolar/hydrophobic Alklyl Amino Acid

CO2H pka 1.95

NH2 pka 10.64

pI 6.30

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Serine (Ser/S)

Polar/hydrophilic Neutral Nonaromatic Amino Acid

CO2H pka 2.19

NH2 pka 9.21

pI 5.70

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Threonine (Thr/T)

Polar/hydrophilic Neutral Nonaromatic Amino Acid

CO2H pka 2.09

NH2 pka 9.10

pI 5.60

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Tryptophan (Trp/W)

Nonpolar/hydrophobic Aromatic Amino Acid

CO2H pka 2.46

NH2 pka 9.41

pI 5.60

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Tyrosine (Tyr/Y)

Polar/hydrophilic Neutral Aromatic Amino Acid

CO2H pka 2.20

NH2 pka 9.21

Sidechain pka 10.46

pI 5.63

<p>Polar/hydrophilic Neutral Aromatic Amino Acid</p><p><strong>CO2H</strong> pka 2.20</p><p><strong>NH2 </strong>pka 9.21</p><p><strong>Sidechain </strong>pka 10.46</p><p><strong><em>pI 5.63</em></strong></p>

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Valine (Val/V)

Nonpolar/hydrophobic Nonaromatic Amino Acid

CO2H pka 2.29

NH2 pka 9.74

pI 6.02