L1 - neurons and synapses

What is the CNS?

brain and spinal cord

What is the peripheral nervous system?

somatic nervous system which interacts with the external environment, autonomic nervous system which regulates the body’s internal environment

What are the biological associations for sensory inputs and motor outputs?

sensory, afferent, dorsal, and motor, efferent, ventral

How many spinal nerves are there?

C1-C8, T1-T12, L1-L5, S1-5

What are the ion concentrations inside and outside the cell?

>inside the cell: K+ and A- proteins, > outside the cell: Na+ and Cl-

When is an AP generated?

if the threshold is reached at the axon hillock

How does voltage change during an AP?

resting membrane potential at -70mv, Na+ voltage gated channels open at -50mV letting Na+ into the cell then K+ channels slowly open for K+ to leave the cell and Na+ channels close

What is the Hodgkin-Huxley cycle?

positive feedback: membrane depolarises, Na+ channels open, Na+ flows into the neuron, membrane depolarises etc