Flame Test: Metal Cations Identification and Colours
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12 Terms
What is a flame test?
A qualitative test used to identify metal cations in a sample.
What is the flame test method?
Dip wire into HCl → dip wire into salt → place wire in flame.
Why do flame tests produce colours?
Heat excites electrons to higher energy levels; when they fall back, they emit coloured light.
What are the limitations of flame tests?
Cannot test some metals; cannot distinguish metals with similar colours.
What is the flame colour of Ba²⁺?
Apple green.
What is the flame colour of Ca²⁺?
Brick red.
What is the flame colour of Cu²⁺?
Blue-green.
What is the flame colour of Pb²⁺?
Blue-grey.
What is the flame colour of Fe²⁺?
Gold.
What is the flame colour of Fe³⁺?
Orange-brown.
What is the flame colour of Mg²⁺?
No characteristic flame colour.
What is the flame colour of Ag⁺?
No characteristic flame colour.