Research Methods

Why is the research process important to understanding the current knowledge base in kinesiology?

It allows us the skills to critique an existing body of literature and provides the background needed to answer unanswered questions.

What are the three main approaches to research identified by Cresswell (2014)?

Quantitative research designs, Qualitative research designs, Mixed methods research designs.

What is the definition of kinesiology?

The study of movement.

What are the four philosophical worldviews identified by Cresswell (2014)?

Postpositivism, Constructivism, Pragmatism, Transformative.

What is the purpose of a literature review in research?

To summarize existing knowledge, identify research gaps, and provide context for the study.

What are the main ethical principles in research?

Autonomy, Non-maleficence, Beneficence, Justice, Fidelity, Veracity.

Define quantitative research.

The generation of numerical data to answer research questions, often testing theories and measuring variables.

What is the significance of informed consent in research?

Participants must be fully informed and voluntarily agree to take part in the study, ensuring their autonomy is respected.

What are the components of a research design?

Research approach, methods employed, and alignment with the research question and objectives.

What does internal validity refer to?

The extent to which a study can establish a cause-and-effect relationship between variables.

What is the purpose of mixed methods research?

To combine qualitative and quantitative research approaches to provide a more comprehensive understanding of a research problem.

What is the purpose of triangulation in qualitative research?

To cross-check findings and interpretations by using multiple data sources, methods, or perspectives.

What is Grounded Theory in qualitative research?

An approach focused on generating a theory through the systematic gathering and analysis of data.

What does the term 'saturation point' refer to in qualitative research?

The point at which additional data collection does not provide new insights or information.

What does the term 'confidentiality' mean in research ethics?

The obligation of researchers to protect participants' privacy and ensure that their personal information is not disclosed.

What is a null hypothesis?

A statement that there is no effect or no difference, used as a default position in hypothesis testing.

What is an example of a qualitative research method?

Interviews, focus groups, or participant observation are common qualitative methods.

Define 'pragmatism' as a philosophical worldview in research.

A practical approach that focuses on solutions to problems and incorporates all research methods that are necessary to understand a research issue.