5.1 + Sensation + Perception Discussions

transduction

converting stimulation in neural impulses

sensation

proessing stimulus energies from the external world by sensory receptors

is sensation BU or TD

bottom up

perception

organizing, identifying, and interpreting sensory info

is perception top down or bottom up

top down

is reading a sentence with the correct first and last letters but jumbled middle letters BU or TD processing?

TD processing - you use prior knowledge or experiences to understand what you’re reading

psychophysics

scientific study of the relationship between physical stimuli and the psychological sensations/perceptions sthey produce

is our absolute threshold high or low

low

what is the absolute threshold

you detect a stimulus 50% of the time

difference threshold (JND - just noticeable difference)

measures your ability to detect a change between two different things (is this light brighter than another light?)

weber’s law

The larger a stimulus, the more you have to add/subtract to notice a change. like if someone drops smth light and ur holding something super heavy.

adaptation

reduced sensitivity in response to constant stimulation

wavelength

the distace between any two consecutive peaks of aw ae

short wavelength or high frequency = what color

bluish colors

long wavelength or low frequency = what color

reddish colors

great amplitude = bright or dull colors? small amplitude = bright or dull colors?

bright; dull

where does transduction occur in the eye?

retina

do you know the vision pathway to the brain?

yes

do you know the eye to brain pathway?

yes

Area V1 (primary visual cortex)

located at back of brain. they look for lines/geometric properties rather than objects as a whole. they look for lines. if it’s tilted to the right, lots of firing. vertical: medium firing. tilted to the left: minimal firing

ventral stream - which lobe?

temporal. objevt.+ face recognition. (what)

dorsal stream - which lobe

parietal lobe. spatial awareness + action (where/how)

prosopagnosia

face blindness (can recognize features but not face as a whole

visual object agnosia

a person can see + draw + describe physical features but can’t identify what it is by sight alone

monocular cues

deptch cue available to each eye separtely

binocular cues

depth cues that depends on both eyes

retinal disparity

diff in retinal images of the two eyes that gives info about the depth

stereopsis

brain makes 3d perception of depth by putting two slightly diff flat iamages from eyes

do you know the simplified summary of visual info processing?

(24)

yes

perceptual constancy

perceiving objects are unchanging even as illlumination and retinal image change

synesthesia

stimulation of one sensory pathway leads to involuntary xp in a second unrelated pathway

thalamus

gets signals + routes them to correct locations in brain

day, dusk/dawn, night: rods vs cones active

cones, both, rods

all cones activated →

white

no cones activated →

black

color-blindness

naturally occuring deficiency in one-three types of cones
most affects white men

1/50 ppl

most common deficiency in green/red cones

monochromacy

only one kind of cone

dicrhomacy

only two cones

activation of one member of the pair inhibits activity in the other

blue →

red →

black →

antagonistic relationship

yellow; green; white

overstimulate neural processes that correspond to one color → they are fatigued

after image