Period 3 ID terms APUSH

Pontiac’s Rebellion

A rebellion started by a loose confederation of Native Americans in the Great Lakes region. Multiple Indian nations joined together to try and drive the British soldiers & settles out of the region

Virtual Representation

The idea that the members of Parliament reserved the right to speak for the interests of all British subjects rather than for the interests of only the district that elected them. Catchphrase is “No taxation without representation”

Proclamation of 1763

An act passed by Britain saying you can settle west past the Appalachian Mountains. Made because of the Pontiac Rebellion. Angered the colonists in the western area of the southern colonies

Iroquois Confederation (or the Iroquois League or Five Nations)

Tribes that accepted The Great Law of Peace that allowed them to work together to better themselves. They’d often fight “Mourning Wars” with the goal of kidnapping other men from tribes to replace fallen sons or husbands. Broke up after the Revolutionary War

Stamp Act Congress

The reaction to the Stamp Act (required colonists to purchase stamps for bills, newspapers, pamphlets, ect.) 9 out of 13 colonies sent representatives to meet in New York to discuss what action should be taken against the Stamp Act. They formed a group known as The Association which helped enforce non-importation agreements and got the Stamp Act repealed.

Boston Tea Party

A political protest at Griffin’s Wharf in Boston, where American colonists, angry at Britain for imposing taxation without representation and dumped 342 chests of tea into the harbor

Boston Massacre

A reaction to the increased taxes, and increased presence of British troops in Boston. Where a crowd of angry colonists were protesting outside of the Boston customs house. 5 colonists died and more wounded.

Committees of Correspondence

Groups of government established by various towns or assemblies of the American colonies to exchange information with each other, mold public opinion, and take joint action against the British. they’re an important step in the unification of the colonies, and helpful of enforcing boycotts against some English goods

Sons of Liberty

American patriots like Sam Adams, John Handcock, and Paul Revere, they used violent and non-violent ways means of harassing British officials to protest against British Rule.

Letters Sent from a Farmer in Pennsylvania

A series of essays written by John Dickinson that helped turn colonial opinion against the Townshed Acts (imposed taxes by the British). He argued that PArliament had the authority to regulate trade but only the colonists could pass taxed for raising revenue

1st Continental Congress

In response to the Parilament’s enactment of the Intolerable Acts, 12 out of the 13 colonies met in Philly to discuss a unified response. They agreed to boycott British goods until the Intolerable acts were repealed, and issued a Declaration of Rights, saying we’re loyal and stuff, but you can’t just tax us like that.

2d Continental Congress

Meeting of all 13 colonies where they took of there the duties of a functioning federal government. They established a Continental Army, printed paper currency, recommended that the colonies drat new constitutions, persued an allicene with France and drafted a Declaration of Independence

Articles of Confederation

An agreement of the original 13 colonies to create a federal government in which each state would be represented equally and he federal government would have a reduce in it’s power. Created during the revolutionary war, they thought a stronger government would be needed to defeat the British

John Locke

A political philosopher of the enlightenment and heavily influenced the ideas leading to the American Revolution. Wrote An Essay Concerning Human Understanding, and Two Treatises of Government. For the natural rights of people, life, liberty, and property

Bill of Rights

Written by James Madison, first 10 amendments to the constitution that protected 3 categories of human rights, right of conscience, rights of the accused, and the right of property

Adam Smith

A Scottish economist known as the father of modern economics, was famous for arguing against the theory of mercantilism

Hamilton’s financial plan

Hamilton, as secretary of the Treasury proposed a series of ideas for how to make the new country under the Constitution finally stable and give the federal government the power and authority to bind the states together

Proclamation of neutrality

Written by Washington, this declared neutrality between France and Britain in their war

Battle of Fallen Timbers

When the Natives lost the final Indian wars, they were forced to sign the treaty of Greenville, which gave the Americans control of northwest territory

Shays’ Rebellion

An uprising led by Danial Shays over high taxes on land in an economic strugglebus time. The uprising lead to an urging in a stronger government.

Alien and Sedition acts

Passed by the Federalist congress in anticipation of the Quasi-War with France, it increased the naturalization period (the period of time you have to live in the US before becoming a citizen) from 5 to 14 years allowed citizens to be deported if they acted weirdly or the US was at war with the country they were from. They criminalized harsh or malicious speech against the US government, challenging the right of free speech

Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions

Resolutions in response of the Alien and Sedition acts written secretly by James Madison and Thomas Jefferson. Madison wrote for Kentucky saying that the acts went against the first amendment, the right of free speech. Jefferson went further saying that a whole state had a right to cancel or repeal the whole thing

Jay’s Treaty

Meant to avoid the US being brought into the war going on between France and Britain. It called for an evacuation of British forces out of the American Northwest, repayment of debts owed to Britain and an agreement to stop trade between France and the US during their war. Was very unpopular because people saw it as pro-Britain.

Pinkney’s Treaty

AKA the Treaty of San Lorenzo, between Spain and the US let Americans use the Mississippi and the New Orleans port. Spain agreed to this treaty in part of the fear of the English-American alliance (Jay’s Treaty)

Land Ordinance 1785

Established the division of the Northeast territory into 5 future states

Northwest Ordinance 1787

This act established government for the Northwest territory, set up guidelines for admitting new states, listed a Bill of Rights for those living in that territory and banned slavery there. It established federal expansion of the US

Republican Motherhood

Was the early American idea that women, though excluded from direct participation in politics, held and important civil role in raising and education the sons who would become informed citizens in the republic.

The sugar act

a British law passed that lowered the tax on molasses but increased enforcement of customs duties to raise revenue for the empire

Tea Act

Reduced the price of tea, but reaffirmed parliaments authority to tax the colonies

Intolerable Acts

A series of laws passed in response to the Boston Tea Party. They united the colonies together against Britain through their many laws, punishing Massachusetts and reasserting their imperial control

Thomas Pain

Wrote Common Sense that powerfully argued for American Independence

Whiskey Rebellion

A tax revolt in western Pennsylvania sparked by Hamilton excise tax on distilled drinks. Washington responed by sending federal troops to suppress the revolt

Manumission Societies

Organizations formed to promote emancipation of enslaved people and to advocate for the end of slavery in the US