Intro to Information Systems, Quiz 6 Review

An organization's data center, servers, software applications, and databases are an example of its

_______________________________.

technology infrastructure

Which of the following is NOT an example of a process?

A university student turns on a computer in the lab.

A series of activities that an organization performs to transform inputs into outputs in such a way that the value of the input is increased is a ____________.

value chain

Which of the following is NOT true about Amazon's proprietary information systems?

They are not fully integrated into the value chain and supply chain processes and can easily be separated from their integral components.

Which of the following is NOT true about information systems?

An information system's most important component is its data component

An information system is a combination of hardware and software components, along with _________, processes, and people, that function collaboratively to complete a task

data

Strategic planning is a process that helps leaders identify initiatives and projects that will achieve

______________ objectives

organizational

An organization develops an overall strategic plan, which then sets the direction for ___________ of the

organization.

other business units

To maintain ________________, organizations and their products and services must continually evolve to

account for changes in customer needs, market conditions, industry conditions, and competitor actions.

competitive advantage

___________ are people who work directly with information systems and can include anyone in the

organization such as receptionists, financial managers, salespeople, executives, and manufacturing line operators.

End users

The Five-Component Model also shows that information systems move work away from __________ and into ____________.

people, technology

The ____________________ encompasses the processes required to get the right product or service into the right consumer's hands in the right quantity at the right time and at the right cost.

supply chain

The ____________________ is a key value chain whose primary processes include inbound logistics,

operations, outbound logistics, marketing, and sales.

supply chain

Which information systems career employs the department's resources (including equipment, budgets, and

personnel) in a manner that best achieves the goals of the organization?

chief information officer

Which information systems career is responsible for improving a company's competitiveness and performance across a broad spectrum of criteria, often specializing in a particular functional area?

business analyst

Which phase of the strategic planning process involves written descriptions of what the business wants to

achieve?

set objectives and key results

_______________ is the process of significantly modifying existing services, products, and procedures using information systems, especially in the expanded use of connectivity.

Digital transformation

A significant contributor to IT project failures is overlooking how the project deals with ___________.

organizational change

The following are examples of the benefits of strategic planning EXCEPT:

provides a set of measures for IT spending on organizational projects

The __________ are temporary and will change constantly, whereas the values, __________, and vision will often not change.

initiatives, mission

Which of the statements below is NOT true about the United States domestic airline industry based on analyzing the industry with Porter's Five Forces Model?

The threat of new entrants is high.

A(n) ____________ is a specific, measurable result that must be achieved to reach an objective.

key result

_________________ is the application of new ideas to the products, processes, and activities of a firm, leading to increased value.

Innovation

_________________ is/are the catalyst for the growth and success of any organization. It can build and sustain profits, create new challenges for the competition, and provide added value for customers.

Innovation

_______________ involves top-down change driven by senior executives, whereas _______________ involves bottom-up change driven by workers.

Reengineering, continuous improvement

Which of the following is a theoretical framework that assesses the perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use for a technology or information system?

technology acceptance model

A key point of a/the _____________ is that adoption of any innovation does not happen all at once for all

members of the targeted population; rather, it is a drawn-out process, with some people quicker to adopt the innovation than others.

diffusion of innovation theory

The __________ is a fundamental computer hardware system component that provides the processor with a working area to store program instructions and data.

memory

A(n) __________ is one of the three fundamental computer hardware system components. Examples include devices such as the monitor, mouse, keyboard, speakers, and printer

input/output device

Compared to main memory (RAM and ROM), secondary storage has advantages, including ____, ____, and ____.

nonvolatility; greater capacity; greater economy

Which of the following is not an example of an input device?

plotter

A ___________ is a specialized computer employed by many users to perform a specific task, such as running a web site, email, or application.

server

The ability in newer models of computer hardware or newer releases of an operating system to continue to

support software written for previous versions of the hardware or operating system, even if the software was created years or decades ago, is considered ______________.

backward compatibility

What is the main advantage of software as a service (SaaS)?

SaaS applications are available from any computer or any device—anytime, anywhere.

One characteristic of a relational database is that each row in a table is uniquely identified by a ____________.

primary key

Data __________ is essential to accurate and informed decision making.

quality

A positive flu test result was reported to the doctor one month after the patient was fully recovered. This is an example of which characteristic of quality data and information?

timely

A student can view their current grades for the course to determine the score they will need on the final exam. This is an example of which characteristic of quality data and information?

accessible

A marketing company sales representative stops by a local bakery and asks the owner if they would be interested in a software program that will allow them to track important sales-related information about customers, products, and trends. The salesperson explained that this information is available immediately after every customer's purchase without additional effort from the bakery's staff. The cost of the program is more than the company's revenues for three months. This is an example of which characteristic of quality data and information?

economic

The following statements best describe the benefits of quality data, except:

Low-quality data and information increase innovation and lead to customer satisfaction.

_______________ is an integrated set of functions that defines the processes by which data is obtained, certified fit for use, stored, secured, and processed to ensure that the accessibility, reliability, and timeliness of the data meet the needs of the data users in an organization.

Data management

A bakery database stores data about employees, products, customers, and orders. These are all examples of ________.

entities

A transactional or operational database should be designed to reflect the ________________ of the organization.

business processes

Which question below should not be considered when designing a database?

What is the data modeling software that will be used?

Which statement below is not a benefit of an enterprise data model?

It provides a benchmark against the competitor's database software package and identifies any gaps in how it helps to meet the competitor organization's data needs.

A database schema can also be defined using a _______________, which is a collection of instructions and commands used to define and describe data and relationships in a database.

Data Definition Language (DDL)

A data dictionary may contain the following data for each field, except:

number of foreign keys needed for an item

____________ is a language that allows a database administrator to manage user privileges.

Data control language (DCL)

Amazon offers ____________, where customers can store data on Amazon's servers and access it over the internet with database administration managed by Amazon.

database as a service (DaaS)

Stella's Bakery wants to track progress toward reaching its strategic business goals. One such goal is to increase the average transaction value by 15% within the next year. The CEO and management should use which of the following to track this goal?

key performance indicators

Which of the following statements about correlation for two variables is true?

A positive correlation indicates a relationship where the two variables move in the same direction.

An algorithm used to create and visualize classification and regression modeling tasks is known as _________.

decision tree

Which of the following best illustrates the use of machine learning for business?

Uber uses a dynamic pricing model to analyze real-time data about user demand, traffic, driver availability, route distance, and more.

The following statements are true about decision making and business intelligence, except:

Companies should engage and train professionals with either business expertise or analytical skills to analyze data effectively and make decisions.

Jenna uses Microsoft Excel Solver to find the optimal price for tickets to a school dance. The expenses of the hall rental, food, and linens, maximum number of attendees, and ticket price are entered into the program to help solve the problem. What type of business intelligence technique is Jenna most likely using?

linear programming

Which of the following best describes a genetic algorithm?

a technique that employs a natural selection-like process to find approximate solutions to optimization and search problems

Which of the following statements is true?

E-commerce allows businesses to reach more prospects, reduce costs, scale easily, and provide around-the-clock access to customers.

What is a key advantage of e-commerce over physical, "brick-and-mortar" stores?

lower overhead costs

E-commerce reduces costs in the following ways except:

increasing the need for inventory

Which of the following is not one of the five National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Framework functions?

examine

What are the steps in the order fulfillment process?

order placement, warehouse processing, order shipping, order delivery

Francesca's Home Décor is a small online business that sells pictures, candles, and other home products. The company is having a tough time competing with other, larger online retailers with respect to fulfillment. What can Francesca do to better compete in order fulfillment?

To fulfill orders quickly and economically, smaller e-commerce retailers like Francesca's can contract with a

service such as Amazon Fulfillment Services to perform order fulfillment.

Three Feathers Furniture can evaluate its e-commerce business using SWOT analysis. Which of the following is an example of a threat to Three Feathers Furniture?

A competitor can deliver its products to the customer in two days—four days faster than Three Feathers

Furniture.

Which electronic data interchange (EDI) platform is managed by a group of traditionally competing companies with common procurement needs?

consortium-operated

The choice of which electronic data interchange (EDI) platform to use depends on the following main factors except:

scalability

___________ tools allow e-commerce businesses to gather and analyze data from a variety of online sources.

Marketing analytics

Target has a reward program in its mobile app where customers can earn a $10 gift card if they spend $75 or more in each of three separate transactions. A progress "sticker" is placed in the app to show progress toward the goal. What type of marketing technique is Target using?

gamification marketing

Huda Kattan uses various social media platforms, including Instagram, YouTube, and her own cosmetics blog, to promote her own brands as well as the brands of others with which she has strategic partnerships. She earns commissions for sales generated through links to the products she promotes. What type of marketing technique is she using?

affiliate marketing

What metric is a main measure of success for the number of users reached by an online advertisement?

click-through rate (CTR)

A(n) _____________ is a form of data processing where each transaction is processed immediately without the delay of accumulating transactions.

online transaction processing system