Basic Spanish Grammar, Ser and Estar, Cognates & Pronunciation
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333 Terms
What is a noun in Spanish?
A noun is any word that is used to NAME a person, place, or thing.
How do nouns in Spanish express gender?
Nouns in Spanish take on a grammatical gender, which is not necessarily related to male or female attributes.
What are the two grammatical features that Spanish nouns take?
Gender and number.
How does the order of adjectives and nouns differ in Spanish compared to English?
In Spanish, the adjective precedes the noun, while in English, the noun precedes the adjective.
What is the masculine plural article in Spanish for nouns?
LOS.
What is the feminine singular article in Spanish?
LA.
How do you express 'the white horses' in Spanish?
LOS caballos blancos.
What is a possessive adjective?
An adjective that shows ownership, such as 'mi' (my) or 'tu' (your) in Spanish.
What is the Spanish verb for 'to be' that is used for permanent states?
Ser.
What is the Spanish verb for 'to be' that is used for temporary states?
Estar.
What are the two forms of 'to have' in Spanish?
Tener and Haber.
What is the importance of recognizing Spanish suffixes?
They help in understanding word meanings and grammatical functions.
What is a cognate?
A word that has a similar form and meaning in two languages, such as 'información' in Spanish and 'information' in English.
What is the purpose of the chapter on Spanish phonetics?
To fine-tune perception and pronunciation of Spanish sounds.
What is the significance of the plural form in Spanish nouns?
It indicates that there is more than one of the noun being referred to.
What is the general rule for forming the plural of Spanish nouns?
Typically, add -s to nouns ending in a vowel and -es to nouns ending in a consonant.
What is the role of adjectives in Spanish grammar?
Adjectives modify nouns and must agree in gender and number with the nouns they describe.
What is the Spanish term for 'the basics'?
Los básicos.
What does 'Bienvenido al mundo del Español' mean?
Welcome to the World of Spanish!
What is the goal of the Basic Spanish Language & Culture textbook?
To provide a step-by-step introduction to elementary concepts of Spanish grammar.
What is the significance of the Creative Commons license for this textbook?
It allows for remixing, reusing, and adapting the text while giving proper credit.
What is the Spanish word for 'articles'?
Artículos.
What does 'synchronous and in-person sessions' refer to?
Classes that occur in real-time and require physical attendance.
What is the role of the OER Design Studio in this textbook?
To assist in the design and production of the open educational resource.
What does 'accessibility' mean in the context of this textbook?
The commitment to making the textbook usable for all learners, including those with disabilities.
What is the purpose of the pronunciation exercises included in the textbook?
To help learners practice and improve their Spanish pronunciation skills.
What are the two genders of nouns in Spanish?
Masculine and feminine
What is the masculine form of 'the boy' in Spanish?
el chico
What is the feminine form of 'the girl' in Spanish?
la chica
What is the general rule for determining the gender of nouns ending in 'o'?
They are usually masculine.
What is the general rule for determining the gender of nouns ending in 'a'?
They are usually feminine.
What is the masculine form of 'the man' in Spanish?
el hombre
What is the feminine form of 'the woman' in Spanish?
la mujer
What is the masculine form of 'the book' in Spanish?
el libro
What is the feminine form of 'the window' in Spanish?
la ventana
What is the rule for nouns that end in -or?
They are usually masculine.
What is the rule for nouns that end in -ora?
They are usually feminine.
What is the plural form of 'el libro'?
los libros
What is the plural form of 'la mujer'?
las mujeres
How do you form the plural of nouns ending in a consonant?
Add -es.
How do you form the plural of nouns ending in -z?
Change -z to -c and add -es.
What is the masculine singular form of 'our' in Spanish?
nuestro
What is the feminine singular form of 'our' in Spanish?
nuestra
What is the plural form of 'your' (fam; Spain) in Spanish?
vuestro(a)
What does 'su' mean in Spanish?
It can mean his, her, your (formal), its, or their.
How do you clarify ambiguity with 'su'?
Use the structure: article + noun + de + pronoun.
What is the equivalent of 'John's class' in Spanish?
la clase de John
What is the plural form of 'mi libro'?
mis libros
What is the plural form of 'tu clase'?
tus clases
What is the feminine plural form of 'our' in Spanish?
nuestras
What is the masculine plural form of 'your' (fam; Spain) in Spanish?
vuestros
What is the singular form of 'their' in Spanish?
su
What is the plural form of 'her friend' in Spanish?
sus amigos
What is the plural form of 'your professor' (formal) in Spanish?
sus profesores
What are the two kinds of articles in English?
Definite Article and Indefinite Article
What is the Spanish definite article for masculine singular nouns?
el
What is the Spanish indefinite article for feminine singular nouns?
una
What must definite and indefinite articles agree with?
The noun they modify in gender and number
What is the plural form of 'la clase'?
las clases
What is the plural form of 'el problema'?
los problemas
What is the rule for making nouns plural that end in a vowel?
Add -s
What is the rule for making nouns plural that end in a consonant?
Add -es
What is the rule for making nouns plural that end in -z?
Eliminate the -z and add -ces
What are the Spanish definite articles for feminine nouns?
la (singular), las (plural)
What are the Spanish indefinite articles for masculine nouns?
un (singular), unos (plural)
What is the general rule for masculine nouns in Spanish?
Most nouns that end in -o are masculine
What is the general rule for feminine nouns in Spanish?
Most nouns that end in -a are feminine
Name an exception for masculine nouns that do not end in -o.
el arte (art), el día (day)
Name an exception for feminine nouns that do not end in -a.
la clase (class), la mujer (woman)
What is the Spanish adjective agreement rule?
Adjectives must agree in gender and number with the noun they modify.
Where do Spanish adjectives typically appear in relation to nouns?
Almost always after the noun.
What is the masculine form of 'black' in Spanish?
negro
What is the feminine form of 'black' in Spanish?
negra
What is the Spanish word for 'green'?
verde
What is the plural form of 'la mesa'?
las mesas
What is the plural form of 'una luz'?
unas luces
What is the Spanish word for 'friend' (masculine)?
el amigo
What is the Spanish word for 'teacher' (masculine)?
el maestro
What is the Spanish word for 'library'?
la biblioteca
What is the Spanish word for 'homework'?
la tarea
What is the Spanish word for 'biology'?
la biología
What is the Spanish word for 'physics'?
la física
What is the Spanish word for 'pen'?
la pluma
What is the Spanish adjective for 'inexpensive'?
barato/a
What is the Spanish adjective for 'small'?
pequeño/a
What is the Spanish adjective for 'ugly'?
feo/a
What is the Spanish adjective for 'rich'?
rico/a
What is the Spanish adjective for 'expensive'?
caro/a
What is the Spanish adjective for 'fantastic'?
fantástico/a
What is the Spanish adjective for 'old'?
viejo/a
What is the Spanish adjective for 'fat'?
gordo/a
What is the Spanish adjective for 'terrific'?
estupendo/a
What is the Spanish adjective for 'sincere'?
sincero/a
What is the Spanish adjective for 'nice'?
simpático/a
What is the Spanish adjective for 'stingy'?
tacaño/a
What is the Spanish adjective for 'beautiful'?
hermoso/a
What is the Spanish adjective for 'thin'?
delgado/a
What is the Spanish adjective for 'handsome/beautiful'?
guapo/a
What is the Spanish adjective for 'pleasant'?
agradable
What is the Spanish adjective for 'happy'?
alegre