WEEK 14.1: NI in South America

• Argentina

• Brazil

• Paraguay

• Uruguay

In 1991, these countries signed the Treaty of Asuncion to create the southern common market (MERCOSUR).

Treaty of Asuncion

In 1991, what did Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uraguay sign to create the southern common market?

MERCOSUR

Southern common market

MERCOSUR

• primary objective was the integration of the four States parties through the free movement of goods, services, and pro- ductive factors,

• the establishment of a Common external tariff (TEC),

• the adoption of a common commercial policy,

• the coordination of macro-economic and policies, and

• the harmonization of legislation in the relevant areas.

Venezuela

In 2012, what country was integrated to MERCOSUR?

Fund for Structural Convergence of MERCOSUR (FOCEM)

To achieve its primary objective a _______ was created in 2004 to finance programs to promote structural convergence, developing competitiveness, and promote social cohesion, in particular in the economies of smaller economies and regions whose development is lagging behind; support the functioning of the institutional structure and the strengthening of the integration process.

True

True or False: The health systems in South American countries vary, although six countries including Brazil consider health as a universal right at the Constitution.

True

True or False: Also, in South America, unlike European countries, the universalization of social protection in health is not completed in a uniform manner.

True

True or False: Nursing Informatics has been based more on activities of individuals than on a global policy established by govern- ments or national efforts.

Pan American Health Organization (PAHO)

• Has published guidelines and protocols to orient the development and deployment of information and communication technology in Latin America and the Caribbean

True

True or False: South American region ranks third in information technology expenditure

Information Society Index

• measures the use of information, computers, and social infrastructure,

• identi- fied that countries in the South American region are rapidly evolving.

Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC)

• In April 2013, this organized a working meeting in Chile to endorse ICT in the region, according to the Pan American Health Organization eHealth Strategy and Plan of Action (2012–17).

PAHO eHealth Strategy and Plan of Action (2012–17)

in April 2013, the ECLAC organized a working meeting in Chile to endorse ICT in the region, according to the what?

True

True or False: A few hospitals or healthcare institutes have developed applications for nursing documentation where nursing data can be processed.

True

True or False: In Brazil, for instance, the balance of economy opened doors for several international industries that are commercializing products to attend local needs. Most of private hospitals of the country are adopting these products and working to customized all applications according to the national rules and legislation.

True

True or False: Clinical systems based on the nursing process are not common in these countries

True

True or False: In addition, as an open and evolv- ing market, international developers are making invest- ments to sell and implement computer systems in South America, because South America represents one of the most promising markets in the world of technology

True

True or False: In Argentina, there are only a small number of applications that include resources for nursing activities.

Argentina

What was one of the first countries in South America to introduce topics related to health informatics in the formal education of physicians?

1991

It is estimated that the formal organization of the nursing informatics movement in South America began in ____.

II Argentine Symposium of Nursing Informatics

Argentina

In 2008, the ___________ was held within the II Latin American Congress of Medical Informatics with more than 100 participants from differ- ent South American countries

Argentine Association of Medical Informatics (AAIM)

Argentina

• a country member of IMIA and also a representative mem- ber at IMIANI SIG, recognized as the major Working Group in the field of Nursing Informatics, regardless of their participation in any other working group in the region.

Project FAENET

Argentina

• in the last period, the focus was to develop this, which is the Virtual network of nursing Argentina of the Federation Argentina of Nursing

• Virtual network connects nurses across the country.

• The objective of the project also includes developing and providing information management tools for nurses in the country stimulating experience exchange, education, investigation, and networking.

Federation Argentina of Nursing

Project FAENET is the virtual network of nursing Argentina of the what?

Working Group of Nursing Informatics at IMIA-LAC

• Recently, Argentinian nurses are deeply involved as a founder with the what, a network established to serve as a forum to congregate Spanish spoken nurses to share experiences and initiatives on nursing informatics.

1985

Nursing Informatics in Brazil initiated around ____ focusing on education and practice

Fogarty International Center of the National Institutes of Health (US)

Brazil

• A grant from this promoted the establishment of a bilateral consortium of health informatics faculty.

• A program was designed to enhance training in Brazil by augmenting the teaching resources of local fac- ulty.

• This training program was based on the experience of the Brazilian faculty and some lessons learned from an existing training program in Boston (U.S.), which involved faculty from Harvard University and its affiliated hospitals

• During the development and implementation of this training program, different regions of Brazil were reached, delivering courses that were previ- ously given in São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, and Manaus.

Maputo University

The latest term of the grant is dedicated to support the certificate program based on distance education, where _____ was involved.

Eduardo Mondlane University

Two onsite courses were delivered at where in Maputo for over 40 healthcare and computer science professionals.

Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo

The program is coordinated and delivered by faculty of the Health Informatics Department and the Nursing School at _________, which also offers the graduate program (master’s and doctoral) in economics and health informatics

• Ministry of Education

• Universidade Aberta do Brasil

In 2008, the ______ and the ________ created a program of distance learning provided by UNIFESP that offers a specialized degree in healthcare informatics for 500 professionals at 10 dif- ferent centers throughout Brazil.

RUTE Network

• In 2006, an important information and communication technologies project named this was deployed in Brazil

• Integrates teaching hospitals and basic healthcare networks

• integrates approximately 131 healthcare institutions throughout the country and hundreds of basic healthcare units in their respective states, covering all Brazilian states

• handles integrating multi-professional healthcare into the community, and this infrastructure has improved access to healthcare and health information for the populations that live in regions that are remote and difficult to reach.

• opened an ongoing channel for the development of research studies

• been used by nurses across states to promote meetings and scientific discussions.

• University Network of Telemedicine and Telehealthcare of the Science and Technology Ministry (MCT)

Coordinated by

• National Network of Teaching and Research

• National Program of Telehealthcare for primary healthcare

Who developed the Rute Network in Brazil?

February 2009

In ___ the first online social network for nursing informatics and telenursing was created.

1990

Although Nursing informatics training and education has been in place since ____ when Schools of Nursing started to introduce contents and specific courses in the nursing curriculum, the content was basically based on faculty experience and available with no formal structure.

Nursing Informatics Special Interest Group of the Brazilian Health Informatics Society (SBIS-NI)

Recently, with the initiative of TIGER, the ____ two conferences were organized in the national congress to promote the harmonization of the content to be included on the nursing curriculum as well as the definition of com- petencies for nursing informatics in the country.

Technology Guiding Education Reform (TIGER) Initiative

• Founded in 2004 to develop a shared vision, strategies, and specific actions for improving nursing practice, education, and the delivery of patient care through the use of health information tech- nology

• merged as a grassroots effort in 2006 the United States to allow informatics tools, principles, theo- ries, and practices to be used by inter-disciplinary provid- ers and consumers

Brazilian Health Informatics

In 2013, a group of faculty and nurses from private and public hospitals organized an invited meeting during the e-Health 2013 Conference hosted by the ______ to initiate the development of a strategy and action plan for Tiger Brazil.

National Research Council for Science and Technology (CNPq)

• A search was performed in the electronic directory of this of Brazil in 2013 and founded 608 research groups included in this directory;

• approximately 91 groups developed some type of study and research in ICT and healthcare.

Nursing Informatics Research Group at the Federal University of São Paulo (NIEn-UNIFESP)

Pioneer research group in nursing informatics in Brazil

1. Research Group in Technology, Information, Health, and Nursing Informatics at the Federal University of Santa Catarina,

2. GEPETE at the Nursing School at São Paulo University

Other research NI groups in Brazil

True

True or False: In Brazil, building a vocabulary that standardizes the clinical nomenclature for use in clinical practice and that fulfils all requirements is a challenge

International Classification of Nursing Practice (ICNP)

In Brazil, the dissemination of what started around 1996, when NIEn/UNIFESP became a sponsoring partner in the Telenurse Consortium?

Telenurse Consortium

• a project led by Randi Mortensen, director of the Danish Institute for Health and Nursing Research.

Randi Mortensen (of the Danish Institute for Health and Nursing Research)

Who led the Telenurse Consortium?

September 1997

• Brazilian version of the ICNP has been available since _____

ICNP Beta 2

• became available in a Brazilian Portuguese version

1. 2007

2. 2011

1. _____: ICNP Version 1 was published in Brazil

2. _____: Version 2 was published

1. Home Health Care Classification (HHCC) System by Virginia Saba

2. Clinical Care Classification (CCC) System

Other Terminologies being used in Brazil

National Congress in Health Informatics (CBIS 2008)

In 2008, during what organized by the Brazilian Society of Health Informatics, the Nursing Informatics Special Group (SBIS-GIE) hosted a symposium on nursing informatics where Dr. Virginia Saba presented the Clinical Care Classification System.

Brazilian Society of Health Informatics, the Nursing Informatics Special Group (SBIS-FIE)

Who organized the CBIS 2008?

Introduction to Nursing Informatics by Marion Ball, Kathryn Hannah, and Margaret Edward

CBIS2008

What book was launched?

True

True or False: In Brazil, no clinical vocabulary has been elected so far as the ultimate solution for clinical documentation, automated retrieval, and rapid communication.

ISO 18104:2003 - Health Informatics: Integration of a Reference Terminology Model for Nursing

What ISO standard was adopted in Brazil?

• aim of this international standard was to establish a reference terminology model for nursing aligned with the goals and objectives of other health-specific terminol- ogy models to provide a more unified terminology refer- ence model.

ISO/DIS18104-Health Informatics: Categorial structures for representation of nursing diagnosis and nursing actions in terminologi- cal support systems

In 2009, the draft version of the ISO Standard was renamed to what?

Final Draft Stage Information Standards (FDIS)

What stage is the ISO document currently registered as?

Ministry of Health

In Chile, the introduction of ICT into healthcare was established by this by the Digital Agenda initiative

Computer Health Center (at the Faculty of Health Sciences in the University of Central of Chile)

• In 2010 Chile, the initiative was created by what

• mission was the generation and dissemination of scientific and inter-disci- plinary knowledge in informatics in healthcare discipline, the application in the health system, and the development of networks to pursue sustainability and become a leading entity in Chile and Latin America.

• objective is to attend the need of continuous education for healthcare professionals and engineers, promoting courses and certificate programs (Spanish language only) using distance education resources

Project FONDEF

Chile

• develops a mobile solution of electronic clinical record for homecare dedicated to patients in vulnerable conditions of health

• project not only innovates, but also develops a strong sense of humanization of care using the technology

Red de Enfermeria Informatica de Chile (REICH)

• Originated in 2013 as a working group of the Health Computer Association of Chile to support the International Nursing Group of the Pan American Health Organization.

• This group mission is to promote cooperation between the Chilean nurses interested in facilitating the development of nursing informatics as a tool for the management of care.

• Has promoted the devel- opment of the discipline through conferences and semi- nars, both face to face and virtual, in collaboration with countries

Luisa Sepulveda Moreno

Who led the REICH?

Clinical Simulation Center

• Was established in 2011 to support the training of students promoting the development of technical skills, learning skills and abilities as the communication and teamwork.

• This has allowed the integration of clinical simulation into nursing care classes as a practice, prior to perform activities in a real environment.

True

True or False: Nursing informatics in Cuba has been evolving since the initial application and early incorporation of computing as subject in the curriculum (1976)

Computer-Assisted Instruction (CAI)

Since the end of the 1980s, the use of what applications in Cuba has been quite commonplace.

1996

When was Cuba linked to the Internet?

• Virtual University of Health

• Virtual Clinic

Cuban continuing education

CECAM

• Health Informatics Masters course at where has been important, allowing nurses to be educated in this field

Emergency Units

Cuba

• are equipped with automated systems for nursing assessment and intervention

Intranets

Cuba

• are frequently used to strengthen and support nursing management

REDENFI

Cuba

• Network of Nursing informatics

• group of technicians and nurses, based on a strategy of joint and scientific cooperation for the development of the required infrastructure and to exchange experiences, information, and knowledge to the benefit of the profession

• Niurka VIalart Vidal

• Xaily Gavilondo Marino

Who led the REDENFI in Cuba?

Working Group of Nursing Informatics at IMIA-LAC (WBNI IMIA-LAC)

• Was established in 2008

• focusing on activities to organize a dynamic workforce and build strategies to promote nursing informatics in the region.

International Network of NI of PAHO (RIEI)

The WGNI IMIA-LAC is responsible for the coordination of what?

1. Solidarity

2. Transparency

3. Trust

4. Intercultural Respect

4 WGNI IMIA-LAC principles