Chapter 1.1

In order to receive diagnosis must show..

harm & dysfunction

Define Psychological Health

a certain degree of or some capacity for cognitive, social, and emotional functioning

Psychological Illness Criteria

Deviancy, Disability, and Distress

Deviancy

idea that something is rare it must be wrong

Disability

impairment of functioning

Distress

no subjective measure

Dysfunction

failure of an internal mechanism to perform function for which it was elected

Harm

limits or threatens the person’s current or previous level of functioning

A mental disorder is a syndrome characterized by…

a clinically significant disturbance in an individual's cognition, emotion regulation, or behavior.

To diagnose means to…

describe & distinguish

Signs

observational behavior (overt)

Symptom

thought or feelings you don’t see (covert)

3 Approaches to Psychological Illness

Categorial, Prototypical, and Dimensional

Categorial Approach

must show specific signs/symptoms

Prototypical Approach

must show essential criteria & any additional

Dimensional Approach

track severity of signs/symptoms

3 Shared Features in Psychological Illness

Risks - antecedents

Correlates - signs/symptoms

Outcomes - prognosis

Types of Disorders

Neurodevelopmental - ADHD & ASD

Internalizing - anxiety & PTSD

Externalizing - ODD & CD

Changes to the DSM

more precise criteria

update terms

reflect development of disorders

acknowledge cultural influences

integrate neuroscience

eliminate NOS