Range of Motion and Muscle Length

What is the gross movement of the shafts of bones

Osteokinematics

What is the movement of the joint surfaces (roll/slide/spin)

Arthrokinematics

Goniometry measures

Osteokinematic movements

Motions of a joint are ___ to the anatomical plane while the axis of rotation and plane are ____

Parallel; perpendicular

In a glenohumeral joint flexion, what is the plan of motion and the axis of rotation

Sagittal; medial-lateral

In a glenohumeral joint abduction, what is the plane of motion and the axis of motion

Frontal; Anterior-posterior

In a glenohumeral joint IR/ER, what is the plane of motion and the axis of motion

Transverse; vertical

Active ROM is solely by the ___

Patient

Passive ROM is entirely by the ____ and should be greater than ____

Examiner, AROM

Active assisted ROM is by ____ and ___; used on post surgical patient such as TKA

Examiner, patient

PROM testing indicates non-contractile tissues being involved because muscles are not ____ during the movement and non-contractile tissues are being ___ during the movement

Contracting, stretched

Normal end-feel for soft includes

Soft tissue

Normal end-feel for firm include what 3

Muscular, capsular, and ligamentous stretch

Normal end-feel for hard includes

Bone contacting bone

Abnormal end-feel for soft is

Boggy feeling; normally has a firm/hard end-feel

Abnormal end-feel for firm occurs in a joint that normally has a ___ or ___ end-feel

Soft; hard

Abnormal end-feel for hard occurs in a joint that normally has a ___ or __ end-feel; bony block is felt

Soft, firm

Neonates have excessive ankle ____ and hip ____

Dorsiflexion, flexion

Causes for hypomobility include ____, acquired post-injury, ___, and aging

Congenital, surgery

In hypomobility, capsular patterns are ___ proportion of loss of joint motion

Fixed

In hypomobility, non-capsular patterns are ___ of motion due to structures

Loss

Beighton Hypermobility score of 5-9 is ____ while 0-4 is ____

Hypermobile, normal

Normal knee flexion in walking is ___*, ascending/descending stairs is ___*, and tying shoes is ___*

65, 100, 105

Normal ankle dorsiflexion in walking is ___* and ascending/descending stairs is ___*

10, 20

Normal ROM in shoulder flexion/overhead is ___*, extension is ___*, ER at 90* is __*, and horizontal adduction to reach opposite shoulder is __*

121-130, 45, 60, 116

Normal ROM in elbow flexion using a phone is ___*, washing face is ___*, and washing hair is ___*

130, 140, 151

Precautions for ROM include when ROM would disrupt the healing process, post ___ conditions, excessive pain/muscle spasm, ___, joint ___, or ankylosis

Surgical, infections, instability

Gross functional screen is common in ____ care, potentially ___ or peds

Acute, neuro

Detailed ROM assessment is common in _____

Musculoskeletal

2 purposes of PROM as an intervention are

Reduce pain and increase ROM

Passive insufficiency applies to __ joint or __ joint muscles

Two; multi

What is the inability of a 2 joint or multi-joint muscle to lengthen and allow full ROM at all of the joints the muscle crosses

Passive insufficiency

How would we test the length of the long head of the triceps

Maximally flex both the shoulder and the elbow

A normal ___ joint muscle can lengthen through the full allowable joint ROM

One

A normal ___ joint muscle does not have sufficient extensibility to permit full ROM of each joint crossed if lengthened across each joint simultaneously

Two

Passive insufficiency refers to muscle ____ while active insufficiency refers to a muscles inability to generate ___

Length, force

Stationary arm is _____ and moving arm is ____

Proximal, distal

____ uses gravity’s effect to measure joint position and motion

Inclinometer