ASTR101 2nd Exam

We definitely ace this one y'all <3

The surface of the sun is homogenous except for sun spots

False

Sun spots are created by the differential rotation leading to areas isolated by distortions in the magnetic field

True

The sunlight that we see is directly generated by the fusion in the core of the Sun

False

The sun is made up of mostly Hydrogen

True

Fusion releases energy by creating elements with a higher binding energy per nucleon

True

Fusion is the process of combining protons into heavier nuclei, neutrinos, electrons, and

energy

The convection zone is an area where the ________ energy from fusion is absorbed by the inner most boundary and transferred to the outer most boundary by a difference in the temperature of the material

thermal

In the model of the Sun the inner most layer is a relatively inactive region where waste ________ collects displacing fusing hydrogen

helium

Variable stars are stars whose mass varies with time

False

After geometric arguments all means of measuring distances rely on finding the absolute brightness of the object and comparing to the observed brightness.

True

The classification of stars was originally done by temperature

False

If all stars are plotted based on color/temperature and brightness there are no patterns

False

The apparent magnitude of the sun is ~-30

True

A _______ is the distance associated with a parallax angle of 1 arc second and base line of 1 Astronomical Unit

Parsec

A __________ is distance light travels in one year

lightyear

The 21 cm line of hydrogen comes from the interaction between the magnetic fields of the proton and orbiting electron

True

An absorption nebula comes from cold matter emitting light at specific wavelengths

False

As mass increases the timescale of formation shortens

True

We detect many different molecules in gas clouds

True

Though thought of as empty space contains very thinly dispersed matter

True

We can detect exoplanets by the oscillations in the spectra of the stars they orbit or their _____________ in front of the star obscuring the light

Transit

As a star forms the formation ends at a line on the H-R Diagram called the _______ sequence

main

As the temperature of a star increases it will emit energy by forming ______ of material in the T Tauri Phase

jets

_______ are regions of gas and dust that can also contain stars

nebulas

A stellar cluster can be aged based on where the stars turn off of the main sequence

true

A Type I supernova is distinguished from a Type II supernova by the presence of hydrogen lines in the Type I supernova

False

Proton-proton fusion stops being able to support a star due to expansion of the Helium Core

True

A Type II supernova results in a neutron star

True

The fate of a star can be determined by the initial mass of the star

true

A white dwarf is an object made up of compressed matter supported by the _________ orbitals in the atoms it is made up of

electron

he Chandrasekhar mass is the mass at which the ____________ from the electron orbitals can no longer support the gravitational pressure and depends on the composition of the object

pressure

A type Ia supernova has an absolute magnitude of -19.5. The sun has an apparent magnitude of -26.74. How far away must an observer be from a type Ia supernova for it to have an apparent magnitude equal to the suns apparent magnitude in pc?

.3565

Once a star turns off of the ________________ it becomes a Red Giant and could creates elements up to iron

main sequence