Counseling

Psyc 401 - Theories of Counseling and Psychotherapy

therapist’s interpersonal skills

the biggest influence on the success of therapy

client factors

which is more influential on the success of a patient- therapist or client factors?

integrative/eclectic

this technique uses concepts from multiple theories

Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, Democratic

WEIRD stands for

don’t

psychotherapists do/don’t automatically get better with practice

specific, measured, learned, practiced

more effective therapists of all approaches have interpersonal characteristics that can be…

compassion and partnership

broad therapeutic attitudes underlying therapeutic skills in effective therapy

expertise and active engagement

in order to help change behaviors or lifestyles, psychotherapists need the patient’s …

random assignment

______ ensures that differences between groups don’t exist before treatments

inferiority complex

a feeling of inadequacy/insecurity, deriving from actual/imagined physical and/or psychological deficiency

transference

a freudian concept (used less frequently today) in which the client views and treats their therapist as someone very significant in their life (ex: mom laughs at me so therefore therapist will also)

countertransference

a freudian concept (used less frequently today) in which a therapist’s responses and behaviors towards a patient closely matches someone very significant in the client’s life (ex: client’s mom laughs at them, so does their therapist) (can perpetuate trauma)

push-button

the adlerian _________ technique dictates one can create whatever feelings they wish by purposely deciding what to think regarding overwheling emotions

dodo bird effect

this theory states that all validated psychotherapists generally produce similar outcomes

contemporary person centered care

this psychotherapy approach is influenced by carl Roger’s core conditions for therapy, Viktor Frankl’s ideas on existential-humanistic therapy, and Fritz Perl’s gestalt therapy, and finally Maslow’s hierarchy of needs

empathy, unconditional positive regard, and genuineness

carl Roger’s three core conditions for successful therapy (which strongly influenced Rogers’ popularity)m

Maslow’s hierarchy of needs

people naturally move upwards towards self-actualization

self actualization

the complete realization of what one is capable to do, involving max development of abilities and full involvement in / appreciation for life

contemporary person centered care

the counselor accepts the world view of the client, believes they’re naturally positive when looking toward the future, and the client’s able to construct their own reality. (this is a non-directive care)

humanistic

anti-deterministic approach to psychotherapy (behavior is NOT caused by biology), and that individuals have an actualizing tendency (are capable of recognizing talents/innate abilities)

humanistic

this approach to psychotherapy honors & respects clients, shows unconditional acceptance and empathetic responses, and normalizes instead of pathologizes. (Surround client with positivity to grow and change as a person)

don’t have answers or questions, lead with client-direction

rules for expressing empathy