encomienda reading easy ver. for dummies

What did colonial courts do in labor disputes?

They settled arguments and made sure labor laws were followed.

How did the Crown make forced labor seem legal?

They made laws saying natives had to give labor and tribute.

What did royal inspectors do?

They checked if landowners followed rules and reported problems to the Crown.

How did the encomienda system affect land use?

It made natives work on farms and gather resources.

What did indigenous helpers do in labor systems?

They helped organize native workers and talk to colonists.

How did labor help pay for colonial government?

Natives’ work and tribute paid for roads, buildings, and soldiers.

How did labor systems affect native movement?

They forced natives to move, breaking up communities.

How did labor systems affect native education?

They taught Christianity to natives to control them and justify labor.

How did encomienda help with military plans?

It gave land and native labor to soldiers as rewards.

How did labor systems help colonization?

They gave settlers land and labor, encouraging them to move there.

How did labor systems shape colonial society?

They created social classes and kept Spanish people in control.

How was Yeager’s view of encomienda different?

He said it was bad for the economy, not just morally wrong.

What was the long-term effect of encomienda?

It caused lasting unfair treatment of native people.

How did labor problems lead to new laws?

Abuse led to new rules to control labor better.

How did Yeager use economics in his argument?

He showed that forced labor hurt the Crown’s profits.

How did labor policies fit the Crown’s big goals?

They helped Spain keep control, get rich, and stay in power.

How did natives respond to labor systems?

They resisted, made deals, and found ways to survive.

How did Europeans rule African colonies?

They used local leaders to control people and protect their own interests.

What happened after African resistance in the 1800s?

Europe took over most of Africa.

Did all African resistance work the same?

No; Ethiopia won, but places like Congo lost.

Why didn’t losing a colony worry Europe much?

They cared more about global power than one colony.

How did Europeans avoid fighting over Africa?

They split up the land to keep peace.

Who were the first to colonize Africa?

Spain and Portugal started exploring and taking land early.

Why did Spain reject Indian slavery?

Not because of religion, but because it hurt their money system.

How common was slave ownership in Portugal’s colonies?

It was very common—lots of people owned slaves.

Why did colonists want independence?

They were angry about taxes and limits on making money.

Why did Spain support forced labor?

To make money fast and avoid losing profits.

Why did Spain pick sides in colonial fights?

To protect its money and avoid problems with labor.

What happened to family wealth over time?

Families often lost money by the second generation.

How did property laws help the Crown?

They let Spain take back land and wealth from families.