Mathematics Form 2 Revision Notes

Vocabulary flashcards covering key definitions, mathematical rules, and formulas across Chapters 1 to 13 of Form 2 Mathematics.

Arithmetic Sequence

A sequence that has a common difference, $d$.

$n\text{th}$ Term of an Arithmetic Sequence

Formula given by $T_n = a + (n - 1)d$, where $a$ is the first term and $d$ is the common difference.

Algebraic Fraction Denominator Rule

A denominator cannot equal zero.

Sum of Interior Angles of a Polygon

Calculated using the formula $(n - 2) \times 180^\circ$, where $n$ is the number of sides.

Exterior Angle of a Regular Polygon

Calculated as $\frac{360^\circ}{n}$, where $n$ is the number of sides.

Interior and Exterior Angle Relation

$\text{Interior angle} + \text{Exterior angle} = 180^\circ$.

Circumference of a Circle

Calculated using $2\pi r = \pi d$.

Area of a Circle

Calculated using the formula $\text{Area} = \pi r^2$.

Volume of a Prism

Calculated as $\text{cross-sectional area} \times \text{length}$.

Volume of a Cylinder

Calculated using the formula $\text{Volume} = \pi r^2 h$.

Midpoint Formula

Given by $\left(\frac{x_1 + x_2}{2}, \frac{y_1 + y_2}{2}\right)$.

Distance Formula

Calculated as $\sqrt{(x_2 - x_1)^2 + (y_2 - y_1)^2}$.

Speed Formula

Calculated as $\text{Speed} = \frac{\text{distance}}{\text{time}}$.

Average Speed Formula

Calculated as $\text{Average speed} = \frac{\text{total distance}}{\text{total time}}$.

Acceleration Formula

Calculated as $\text{Acceleration} = \frac{\text{final speed} - \text{initial speed}}{\text{time}}$.

Gradient of a Straight Line ($m$)

Calculated as $m = \frac{\text{vertical change}}{\text{horizontal change}} = \frac{y_2 - y_1}{x_2 - x_1}$.

Gradient Behavior

Positive $m$ rises, negative $m$ falls, and a horizontal line has $m = 0$.

Isometric Transformations

Transformations including translation, reflection, and rotation where shape and size remain identical so the image is congruent to the object.

Mean

The measure of central tendency calculated as $\frac{\text{sum of data}}{\text{number of values}}$.

Median

The middle value after arranging the data.

Mode

The most frequent value in a data set.

Probability of Event $A$ ($P(A)$)

Calculated as $P(A) = \frac{\text{number of favourable outcomes}}{\text{total outcomes}}$.

Probability Range

Satisfies $0 \le P(A) \le 1$, where impossible $= 0$ and certain $= 1$.

Probability of Complementary Event ($P(\text{not } A)$)

Calculated using the formula $P(\text{not } A) = 1 - P(A)$.