Chapter 8 - Computers and Information Technology

What does ICT stand for?

Information and Communications Technology Core Industries

What is the ICT?

Technology used to create, store, process, and communicate information

What are the ICT Core Components?

• Computer hardware

• Software

• Telecommunications

• Related technology services

Outsourcing

Having another company or outside workers perform services or tasks instead of doing them internally

Offshoring

Moving business operations or jobs to another country

Moore’s Law

Computer processing capability roughly doubles every 18 months to two years

What is does CRT stand for?

Cathode Ray Tube

What is CRT?

Older display technology used in traditional computer monitors and televisions

Disruptive Technology

Technology that replaces or significantly changes an existing product, process, market, or industry

Von Neumann Architecture

A computer design based on a CPU and memory (RAM), which is the foundation of most traditional computer

Computer Generations

The four major stages of computer development, based on changes in hardware technology

Language Generations

Five levels of programming languages from machine language to CASE tools

Types of Computers

• Supercomputers

• Mainframes

• Minicomputers

• Microcomputers

STEM

• Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics

• An educational focus on science, technology, engineering, and math to prepare people for careers in these fields

Resume

A document describing your education, skills, and work experience. Do not include sensitive information or references

Common Carrier

A person or company that transports goods, passengers, or electronic signals over a regular route at a set rate

ECPA

• Electronic Communications Privacy Act

• A law that protects electronic communications and addresses when law enforcement can access them like warrants for wiretapping

Last Mile

The connection between a customer’s location and the companies nearest facility, also called local loop

Patriot Act

• USA Patriot Act

• A law that increased government powers related to investigating terrorism and established severe penalties for certain offenses

Whistleblowing

Reporting illegal or unethical activities that are happening within an organization

Computer Generations in order

1. Vacuum Tubes

2. Transistors

3. Integrated Circuits

4. Microprocessors

Language Generations in order

1. Machine

2. Assembly

3. High-level

4. Database

5. CASE tools