English

• Protagonist: The main character of the story.

• Antagonist: The enemy or opponent of the main character.

• Major character: An important character who is in almost the whole story and faces obstacles.

• Minor character: A background character who is just there to help advance the plot.

• Dynamic character: A character who changes internally (their understanding or values) during the story.

• Static character: A character who does NOT change at all.

• Novel: A long story written in prose.

• Plot: The sequence of events in a story (Opening ➔ Climax ➔ Resolution).

• Setting: Where and when the story takes place.

• Focalised narrative: A story told specifically from one character's point of view.

• Flashback: A scene that jumps back to the past to show a memory or background info.

• Theme: The main message or moral of the story (e.g., love, revenge).

• Mood: The atmosphere or feeling the reader gets from the story (e.g., creepy, calm).

• Allegory: A story with two meanings: a literal one and a hidden, figurative one.

• Archetype: A universal symbol or character type found in stories worldwide (e.g., the hero).

• Conflict: A struggle between opposing forces (can be internal or external).

• Idiom: A phrase with a figurative meaning that doesn't make sense literally (e.g., "kick the bucket").

• Subject: The person or thing doing the action.

• Independent clause: A group of words with a subject and verb that makes complete sense on its own.

• Dependent clause: A group of words that does NOT make sense on its own.

• Relative clause: A dependent clause that relates back to a noun (starts with who, which, that).

• Participle clause: A dependent clause that uses a participle verb form (like an -ing word).

• Simple sentence: A sentence made of just one independent clause.

• Compound sentence: Two independent clauses joined by a conjunction (like and, but, so).

• Complex sentence: An independent clause plus at least one dependent clause.

• Minor sentence: An incomplete sentence missing a main verb or subject (e.g., "Silence. Darkness.").

• Periodic sentence: A sentence where the main independent clause is placed at the very end.

• Declarative: A sentence that states a fact or relays information.

• Exclamative: A sentence expressing strong emotion that ends with an exclamation mark (!).

• Imperative: A sentence that gives a command, request, or advice.

• Interrogative: A sentence that asks a question (?).

• Comma ( , ): Used to separate items in a list or connect clauses.

• Semicolon ( ; ): Used instead of a full stop to link two closely related sentences.

• Colon ( : ): Used to introduce a list/quote or to join clauses where the second explains the first.