Neuroscience of Communication : Chapter 6

Neuroanatomy of Nervous System - Diencephalon, Cerebrum, Cerebral Structures

diencephalon is paired or unpaired

paired

diencephalon seperated by the

3rd ventricle

diencephalon consist of

• thalalmus

• hypothalmus

• subthalamus

• epithalamus

functions of thalamus

• learning complex actions

• selecting appropriate responses to meet motor goals

  • reguating sigals related to emotion memory and autonomic control

thalamus is nuclei divided into three regions by the ___

anterior, medial, and lateral collection of thalamic nuclei (

3 regions of thalamus are

anterior nuclei

medial nuclei

lateral nuclei

specific vs association functions of thalamus

hypothalamus is the body”s ___ system

homeostasis

functions of hypothalamus

chief executive officer (CEO) for processes and systems that ultimately regulate and maintain the body’s homeostasis (metabolic balance) within an optimal physiological range

neural sources of input to the hypothalamus

non-neural input sources?

neural - the limbic system, hippocampus, amygdala, brainstem reticular formation, solitary nucleus of the medulla, and thalamus.

hypothalamus and pitutary gland connected bu the?

whats the relationship btwn the two?

infundibulum

feedback loop, the hypothalamus activates the pitutary

2 cerebral hemishpheres separated by the

they are connected by the __

coropus callosum

identify the dorsal, ventral, lateral, and medial surfaces of the hemispheres

outer layer of hemispheres are

define gyrus and sulcus

another word for sulcus?

___sulcus has almost vertical orientation

___fissure has almost horizontal orientation

location and 2 general functions of frontal lobe?

3 human specific functions of frontal lobe?

any landmarks?

primary motor cortez is located on the___ gyrus of the _ lobe.

describe the somatotopic organization of the primary motor cortex

__motor neurons are fibers that extend from the cortez to the brainstem/spinal cord.

__motor neurons are fibers that extend from the brainstem/spinal cord to the muscles.

where does the primary motor cortez recieve input?

why is it important for the motor areas of the frontal lobal to be linked to sensroy areas?

what is UMN syndrom

location and general function of premotor/supplementary motor areas

location and general function of frontal eye fields

location and general function of Broca’s area

prefrontal cortex location

what is executive function

what areas provide INPUT to prefrontal cortex

anterior boundary of pareital?

inferior boundary?

extends posterior to what lobe?

whats the gyrus posterior to the central sulcus?

parietal is divided by what sulcus? LATERALLY

parietal is divided superior/inferiorly by what suclus?

parietal lobe on the medial surface is ?

postcentral gyrus functons as

somatotopic arrangement of postcentral gyrus?

define multimodal integration

func of superior and inferior parietal lobules?

functions of precuneus

location of temporal lobe? landmark of lateral surface of temporal lobe?

primary auditory cortes is on the___ temporal gyri of the ___gyrus .

whats so special about this arrangement?

transverse

hescls gyrus

it’s tonotopically arranged

occipital lobe function and landmarks

insula function and landmarks p.210

limbic lobe function and landmarks p. 228

basal ganglia, hippocampus, amygdala, insula, and all the white matter associated

describe the cerebral cortex

2- to 4-mm layer of gray matter called the cerebral corte

according to the text excitatory or inhibitory cells are more important?

pyramidal layers of cerebral cortez p 212

p 213 (stop at vernons mountcastle)

serial and parallel processing p218-221

auditory cortex location (including gyrus and lobe)

motor cortex location (including gyrus and lobe)

somatosensory cortex location (including gyrus and lobe)

visual cortex location (including gyrus and lobe)

all sensory inputs are relayed through the _ to the primary cortex.

role of secondary cortices?

what areas are linked through tertiary cortices?

whats parellel processing

list and summarize association areas

2 functional categories of the limbic system

1. emotion/drive

2. homeostatsis/motivation

hippocampal formation is involved with 2 things

1. spatial navgiation

2. memory

amygdala is a threat indicator mediating 3 things:

ear, emotion, fight or flight

the __ gyrus supports attention, cognition,affect, vocalization, motor control and response selection.

cingulate

the __ forms a key component of the reward system

mesolimbic pathway - dopamine

list the parts of the basal ganglia and basic functions

mvmt habits rewards

1. globius padillas

2. substantia nigra

3. subthalamus nucelus

4. stratium

function and vague location of cerebellum.

cerebella himsipheres are separate from central hemispehres by a fold of WHAT tissue?

higher porcessing

dura matter fold- tentorium cerebelli

what midline structure that connects the two lateral hemispheres of cerebellum

VERMIS

3 lobes of cerebellum

anterior

posterior

flocculournodular

how does info get from brainstem/cerebrum to cerebellum

white matter tracts

what is cerebral dominance

are you R brain or L brain

major set of commissural fibers that connects R and L hempisheres?

corpus callousom