COM 110 LN1 Final Exam

Among the problems that accompany the many benefits of using the Internet for information about health are the loss of privacy, misinformation, and ________.

a.the spread of communicable diseases

b.a rise in the frequency of dyspepsia

c.disruption of the traditional power balance between providers and their clients

d.the nocebo effect

e.loss of income for traditional providers, forcing scale backs in service

c

__________ occur when physicians and patients interact virtually instead of face-to-face?

a.Cyber-checks

b.E-valuations

c.E-visits

d.Digital discussions

e.E-check ups

c

The Health Belief Model argues that there are six main perceptions influencing people's decisions about whether to take action to prevent, screen for, and control illness. Among them is their perception of __________.

a.the level of their doctor's support

b.the availability of family and friend support

c.the cost of taking action

d.their susceptibility to the condition

e.the Internet's support of their self-diagnosis

d

Your doctor says your Mom suffered a myocardial infarction; why couldn't she just say she had a heart attack? She's a good doctor, but in cases like this, she uses too much __________.

a.scare talk

b.technical jargon

c.magisterial communication

d.communicable disease talk

e.semantic jargon

b

Liam needed to have surgery to reconstruct the airways of his nose, but his face is now paralyzed after the surgeon hit a nerve. This is an example of ___________.

a.patient activation

b.an adverse event

c.dyspepsia

d.the nocebo effect

e.amenable mortality

b

In the classic test of dissonance theory performed by Festinger and Carlsmith, participants were asked to _______________.

a.place large bowling balls into a bucket for an hour straight

b.pick up 500 toothpicks individually and then place them back where they were

c.draw circles until the page was full

d.place small wooden spools into trays and then take them out for 30 minutes

e.decide who is actually holding the razor

d

The TARES Test for ethical persuasion takes its name from the acronym made up by the five principles it lays out. The "R" refers to ____________.

a.the Reinforcement of the receiver's values and beliefs

b.the Reaction of the receiver

c.The Rational nature of the persuasive appeal

d.the Reasonableness of the argument

e.Respect for the receiver

e

According to the Elaboration Likelihood Model, when people are confronted with a persuasive message, they will rely on the simplest analysis possible, but because they __________, the amount and nature of issue-relevant elaboration in which they are willing or able to engage to evaluate a message will vary with individual and situational factors.

a.seek balance

b.work for compliance

c.want to comply

d.want to reduce dissonance

e.want to hold correct attitudes

e

Compliance occurs when a person ____________.

a.wants to argue with the persuader

b.wants to make a compromise with the persuader

c.accepts influence in order to gain a favorable reaction from the persuader but there is no real change in original attitude

d.feels that the chosen option is the best of several options

e.does not accept influence to intentionally disagree with the persuader

c

You have faith that your college basketball team is adhering to the strictest collegiate rules for academic eligibility. Because it can be proven or disproven, it is a _______ belief in your team.

a.descriptive

b.attitudinal

c.evaluative

d.faith-based

e.prescriptive

a

Which is a common worry about the growing use of technology?

a.Students are too dependent on search engines.

b.More people will devote time to developing competitive search engines.

c.Kids' eyesight will suffer from reading news on small screens.

d.The Internet is replacing newspapers.

e.Kids are turning away from radio and gravitating toward TV.

a

Half of America's 13 to 17 year-old social media users admit that _________ is their favorite way to communicate with friends.

a.actual human interaction

b.letter writing

c.the telephone

d.video chatting

e.social networking

a

Media richness theory views different media's contribution to meaning making falling along a continuum of lean to rich, employing criteria such as _________, the use of multiple cues and natural language, and the medium's personal focus.

a.how much emotion can be displayed

b.the presence of instant feedback

c.how much it costs to send and receive messages

d.how widespread its message can go

e.the speed of delivery

b

Eighteen hundred years before Father de Strata complaint that a new communication technology would ruin people's values, Greek philosopher Plato was equally bothered by ______________.

a."modern" science

b.the printing press

c.writing

d.the Industrial Revolution

e.the Protestant Reformation

c

That's the seventh time today you've answered your smartphone, sensing for sure you had a call, only to find no one there. You are a likely sufferer of __________.

a.Internet addiction

b.fear of missing out

c.Facebook envy

d.phantom-vibration syndrome

e.Facebook depression

d

You're reading a magazine story about the now-debunked link between inoculations and autism and you ask yourself if the piece is fact, opinion, or something else, how credible it is, and what are its sources. You are asking questions of _____________.

a.credibility and authority

b.audience and authorship

c.agenda-setting theory

d.representations and reality

e.messages and meanings

d

Tonya's parents are quite concerned about how much TV she watches and what she's taking away from all its commercials. So they devise a scheme where they actively discuss what's going on in those commercials and how they promote materialism, even away from the TV, helping her become a more critical viewer of those commercial messages and what they represent. Tonya's parents are engaging in ____________.

a.concept-oriented communication

b.co-viewing

c.laissez-faire parenting

d.restrictive mediation

e.active mediation

a

Media literacy researchers have demonstrated the ___________ effect, that is, the cognitive and emotional assumption of idealism that can occur after reflection on media content featuring prosocial characters which closes the gap between identifying with fictional characters and emulating them in real life.

a.E.R.

b.Dead Poets Society

c.Don Quixote

d.Patch Adams

e.Marshall McLuhan

c

When the meaning we make from a piece of content differs from the one the producer encourages, we have made a(n) ___________ reading.

a.negotiated

b.consistent

c.actual

d.transformational

e.preferred

a

Which of the following is true about all media texts?

a.Media messages are designed to entertain.

b.Commercial media are businesses but they put civic duty above profit.

c.All media content contains value messages.

d.Media messages are designed to inform.

e.Media have no negative impact upon audiences.

c

Aliteracy, a decrease in thoughtful reading, is one of the potential adverse effects of __________.

a.better education

b.media multitasking

c.hypercommercialism

d.video-game play

e.media addiction

b

The fusion of entertainment and content, for example the movie The Polar Bears being created by Coke as a way to capitalize on the popularity of its well-known holiday television commercials, is called ____________.

a.cross branding

b.branded content

c.product content

d.brand entertainment

e.ambient advertising

d

Social cognitive theory suggests that people learn behaviors, or model them, _________.

a.if those behaviors are culturally reinforced

b.simply by observing them

c.if they are taught in school

d.if parents approve of those behaviors

e.if there is sufficient repetition in the media

b

Neo-Marxism differs from traditional Marxist theory in that in contemporary times elites exert their influence not through ownership of the __________, but by their control of the ___________.

a.media/government

b.agriculture/manufacturing

c.superstructure/base

d.base/superstructure

e.government/media

d

Although we are never really free from media's influence, when we contest the culture, we, _____________, determine our own stories.

a.with the help of our various bounded cultures

b.in addition to our cultural elites

c.not the media industries

d.with the help of advertisers

e.given our individual bringing up

c

Lucy decides to get more in touch with her family's Brazilian roots, so she takes beginning Portuguese at the community center and joins her campus Brazilian dance team. These are acts of ____________.

a.ethnocentrism

b.cultural participation

c.cultural pluralism

d.assimilation

e.cultural norms

b

Even though she herself is a woman, Jill refuses to hire females to write computer code for her new start-up because she thinks they not only distract the male programmers, but they simply aren't strong enough to work the many hours she expects from them. Her refusal to hire qualified women is a case of ___________.

a.ethnocentrism

b.chauvinism

c.discrimination

d.intolerance

e.labeling

c

Which of the following is one of Hofstede's value dimensions?

a.Conflict Avoidance

b.Power distance

c.Authoritarian vs Democratic

d.Authoritarian vs Demographic cultures

e.Urban vs Rural cultures

b

In high-context cultures such as Japan, Korea, and China, speakers know to ignore the words (the _________) and pay attention to the understood meaning.

a.meme

b.assertion

c.explicit code

d.assimilation

e.cultural communication

c

When pressed, Mary will admit that part of her problem with Asians is that they come from a part of the world that simply isn't as wonderful as her homeland, the good old USA. This is an example of __________.

a.discrimination

b.stereotyping

c.prejudice

d.labeling

e.chauvinism

e

When new employees gather information on the job they are hired to do and come to understand exactly what is expected of them they are involved in ________ socialization.

a.task

b.workgroup

c.cultural

d.organizational

e.affiliated

a

________ is an example of an upward organizational message.

a.A notice of termination

b.A company newsletter

c.Notice of a promotion opportunity

d.A letter of resignation

e.A rumor spreading through the office

d

William knows everything about everybody at work, especially who's seeing whom when away from work. He uses his breaks to make sure that everyone else knows, too. He is a prime practitioner of ________ water cooler communication.

a.inward

b.outward

c.cluster

d.radiating

e.horizontal

b

Your manager's nepotism drives you crazy. He's showed preference for his family members in hiring, scheduling, and even raises. This is in clear violation of __________, one of the five principles of bureaucracy.

a.fairness above all

b.equal treatment of all employees

c.non-discrimination

d.employment as career

e.interaction

b

An often overlooked stage of organizational assimilation, the _________ stage, occurs when people leave an organization, either through movement from one part of the organization to another or by leaving altogether.

a.disengagement and exit

b.social leaving

c.assimilation

d.organizational entry

e.anticipatory socialization

a

A leader who always reminds a group of her or his famous next-door neighbor is attempting to gain ___________ power.

a.reward

b.referent

c.coercive

d.connectional

e.athletic

d

It's at the _______ stage in group development that teams typically experience and handle conflict.

a.adjourning

b.storming

c.forming

d.norming

e.performing

b

Which one of the following groups would most likely use the least formal group communication?

a.Intermural softball team

b.Club Entertainment Committee

c.Starbucks Baristas

d.Army Unit

e.Friends/Family

e

Which of the following is one of the three most common leadership styles?

a.Laissez-faire Leadership

b.Critical Leadership

c.Autodictate Leadership

d.Paternalistic Leadership

e.Republican Leadership

a

You and your fellow crewmates are new to sailing, so trusting her knowledge and experience, you quite willingly follow the orders of the boat's skipper, a 20-year sailing veteran. In other words, she is exercising ________ power over you.

a.athletic

b.informational

c.coercive

d.legitimate

e.expert

e

The reason that the onion has become a common metaphor for how relationships develop is that relationships, like a halved onion, have ______ (how personal is the shared information) and _____ (the number of topics that can safely be discussed).

a.breadth/depthb.skin/layersc.depth/breadthd.layers/skine.tears/benefits

c

Among Social Penetration Theory's assumptions are the ideas that relationships progress from nonintimate to intimate, their progress is generally systematic and predictable, relational development includes depenetration and dissolution, and ________.

a.uncertainty is inevitable, and ultimately good

b.the ongoing dialectic will shape the ultimate nature of the relationship

c.self-disclosure is at the heart of relational development

d.conflict is inevitable, and ultimately good

e.good or bad, we all need relationships

c

Pat and Mike both have different ideas on what they want to do for a date, but Mike said since he is driving, they are doing what he wants. Pat quickly acquiesces to Mike's demands; after all, he is driving. Pat's conflict resolution style seems to be ___________.

a.compromising

b.avoiding

c.culminating

d.dominating

e.obliging

e

Sometimes you may not want to learn more about someone you have to deal with, but because you HAVE to deal with that person you work to reduce relational uncertainty. You are motivated by __________ to do so.

a.deviance

b.the prospect of future interaction

c.hope of reward

d.fear

e.incentives

b

__________ theory claims that people evaluate their relationships in a more-or-less rational manner to ensure that they maximize their relational rewards and minimize their relational costs.

a.Frame Analysis

b.Onion

c.Social Exchange

d.Symbolic Interaction

e.Social Penetration

c

When your politically-opposite uncle does seem to listen to you, he never really understands what you have to say. Clearly his political biases are creating ________.

a.affective noise

b.external distractions

c.physiological noise

d.psychological noise

e.semantic noise

d.psychological noise

When you're listening to your favorite band's new song, you're engaging in ________.

a.critical

b.artistic

c.informative

d.appreciative

e.relational

d.appreciative

There are indeed differences in the way males and females typically communicate; for example, ________.

a.males tend to be overly emotional and thus may not to listen as well

b.females tend to be overly emotional and thus may not to listen as well

c.females tend to engage in rapport-talk while males engage in report-talk

d.males tend to be dominant and thus may not listen as well

e.males tend to engage in rapport-talk while females engage in report-talk

c.females tend to engage in rapport-talk while males engage in report-talk

Your project partner insists on twirling her hair and swaying back and forth while she's talking, making it difficult for you to focus on what she has to say about her portion of the work. This ______ noise interferes with __________ component of the HURIER model.

a.physiological/the hearing

b.affective/every

c.external distraction/every

d.external distraction/the hearing

e.physical/every

d.external distraction/the hearing

The mutual and simultaneous exchange of feedback that ensures the efficient transaction of meaning making between speaker and listener is an important part of the ________ component of the HURIER model.

a.I, interpreting

b.U, understanding

c.R, responding

d.H, hearing

e.E, evaluating

a.I, interpreting

To get past any nervousness they may feel before a speech, many skilled public speakers often engage in ___________, cracking a joke just before they start or engaging a few audience members in conversation.

a.audience analysis

b.language loosening

c.diaphragmatic breathing

d.full-body breathing

e.vocal warm ups

e

There are several major types of speeches, including informative, persuasive, and _____.

a.affective

b.small group

c.pejorative

d.authoritative

e.psychological

b

Speeches about objects, events, concepts, or processes are all considered __________ speeches.

a.affective

b.informative

c.special occasion

d.small group

e.persuasive

b

Your in-class speech on the need to boost government funding of the NASA space program and the Mars Exploration Rover Mission is ___________ speech.

a.an informative

b.an affective

c.a small group

d.a special occasion

e.a persuasive

e

Even the most solid speech can be marred by _________, unnecessary utterances such "ums" and "uhs."

a. Jersey talk

b.TV talk

c.mall speak

d.interrupters

e.vocal fillers

e

You are a social scientist. Your believe that knowledge is advanced only when it serves to free people, your ontology argues that reality is the product of the interplay between structure and agency, and you believe that it makes no sense to keep values out of your work. You are a(n) ___________ researcher.

a.post-positivist

b.critical

c.cross-boundary

d.representational

e.interpretive

b

____________ is a quantitative (numerical) textual analysis that depends not on researchers' deep reading, but on their objective categorization and accurate measurement based on their deep reading.

a. Means testing

b. An online survey

c. Structural analysis

d. A focus group

e. Content analysis

e

A post-positivist researcher who studies the effects of social networking on friendships wants to ____________ those phenomena.

a. explain and control

b. change

c. shift perceptions of

d. understand

e. boost the economic value of

a

The goal of interpretive research and theory is ____________.

a. changing the social world

b. explanation, prediction, and control

c. Understanding

d. challenging the status quo

e. shifting perception

c

Because a theory is not a fact, we can best judge its worth by assessing its ______.

a. support among those in the discipline

b. parsimony

c. reputation of its most ardent supporters

d. usefulness

e. presence in the general culture

d

___________ space is most likely to be employed between two roommates engaged in casual conversation.

a.Personal

b.Social

c.Public

d.Inside

e.Outer

a

While all your roommates are laboring over their textbooks in preparation for tomorrow's exam, you conspicuously pull your e-reader from your backpack. You are employing which form of nonverbal communication to complement your message?

a.Artifacts

b.Facial expressions

c.Environmental factors

d.Gesticulations

e.Kenesics

a

_______ is the idea that when social expectations are violated, attention to nonverbal communication is heightened, with either positive or negative effects.

a.Symbolic Interaction

b.Nonverbal Coding Systems

c.Politeness Theory

d.Rudeness Theory

e.Expectancy Violation Theory

e

The type of nonverbal code that consists of body movement, gestures, or posture is ________.

a.markers

b.proxemics

c.vocalics

d.haptics

e.kinesics

e

Both children and adults who are denied ________ are more likely to suffer from depression and feelings of isolation.

a. eye contact

b. gesticulations

c. facial expressions

d. touch

e. oculesics

a

When you are at a restaurant and tell the waiter what you want to order, you are using language's ________ function.

a.instrumental

b.persuasive

c.ritualistic

d.imaginative

e.authoritative

a

Several languages, German, French, and Spanish for example, utilize familiar and formal versions of the pronoun you. American English does not. This is most likely because ___________.

a.the first Americans consciously wanted to differentiate themselves from Europe and its languages

b.the United States, in general, is less formal when it comes to matters of rank and hierarchy than those countries that use German, French, and Spanish

c.Americans prefer efficiency over precision, even in speech

d.American English is a more modern language

e.as in most things, Americans strive for efficiency

b

___________ is the rules for the proper construction of phrases and sentences.

a.Syntax

b.Enunciation

c.Grammar

d.Lexicography

e.Articulation

c

_____ consists of scripted and superficial conversations based on social convention.

a.Abstract language

b.Lying

c.Situational meaning

d.Small talk

e.Metaphor

d

Metaphors are unstated comparisons between things or events that share some feature. But it is important to remember that they not only highlight similarities, they ________.

a.are usually used in an effort to deceive

b.can often be misleading

c.mask differences in the compared concepts

d.require a certain level of intelligence in their interpretation

e.must be universal to be considered true metaphors

c

The order of a basic linear process of communication follows the pattern ______.

A.source -> interpretation -> receiver

B.sound -> interpretation -> receiver

C.source -> medium -> receiver

D.source -> receiver

E.source -> decoder -> encoder

C

You're walking down the street in your state's capital city. You hear people with accents that seem quite at home there, but you also hear folks talking with a decidedly different accent. You instantly know they're visitors to your state. This is an example of culture's power to _______.

A.liberate

B.unite

C.limit

D.differentiate

E.politicize

D

The quote, "I am not what I think I am and I am not what you think I am; I am what I think that you think I am," suggests that in any conversation there are actually 6 selves present: You, the Other, what You think of the Other, What the Other thinks of You, What You think the Other thinks of You, and ________.

A.What various Significant others think of the Other

B.What the Other's family thinks of You

C.What the Other thinks You think of Him or Her

D.What various Significant others think of You

E.What the Wished-for Self thinks of You

C

We use communication to meet many goals other than developing and maintaining our sense of self. We also communicate to _________; that is, communication is our primary means of interaction and we are dependent on the sight and sound of others.

A.be human

B.exchange information

C.buy products

D.build and maintain relationships

E.have influence

A

You think you're the funniest person you know, yet no one ever gets your jokes. You eventually realize that you are not that funny. This is symbolic interaction's _______ in operation.

A.many selves

B.ego deflation

C.looking glass

D.power of framing

E.mind, self, and society

C