KSSM Science Form 1 Chapter 8: Light and Optics

A set of 20 vocabulary flashcards covering basic concepts of light, mirrors, reflection, refraction, dispersion, scattering, and color perception based on KSSM Science Form 1 Chapter 8.

Real Image

An image that can actually be formed onto a screen, such as the image created by a classroom projector.

Virtual Image

An image that cannot form on a screen and appears located behind a mirror in a physical space where light does not actually reach.

Plane Mirror

A perfectly flat mirror that produces an upright, same-sized virtual image.

Concave Mirror

A mirror curved inward that magnifies the image when viewed up close.

Convex Mirror

A mirror curved outward that shrinks a large area down to give a much wider perspective.

Periscope

An instrument relying on two plane mirrors facing each other at angles to allow viewing above the water surface.

Speed of Light

The speed at which light travels, equal to $3.0 \times 10^8\text{ m/s}$, allowing it to travel around the Earth about seven and a half times in one second.

Lateral Inversion

An optical effect where an image seen in a flat mirror has its left and right sides flipped.

Normal Line

An imaginary perpendicular line drawn on a mirror surface from which angles of light rays are measured.

Law of Reflection

A rule stating that the angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection, and all rays lie on the exact same plane.

Angle of Incidence

The angle at which an incoming light ray hits a surface relative to the normal line.

Angle of Reflection

The angle at which a light ray bounces off a surface relative to the normal line.

Refraction

The change in light's speed and direction when traveling through mediums of different optical densities.

Dispersion

The unpacking process where white light separates into its seven constituent color components when passing through a medium like a glass prism or raindrop.

Seven-Color Spectrum

The array of seven colors produced by dispersion: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet.

Scattering

The phenomenon where tiny air particles and dust redirect shorter wavelengths of light in all directions across the sky.

Primary Colors of Light

Red, blue, and green light, which combine to form secondary colors or pure white light when all three are overlapped.

Magenta

The color produced by mixing red light and blue light together.

Cyan

The color produced by mixing blue light and green light together.

Primary Color Filter

A transparent filter designed to absorb every color except its own primary color, allowing only that exact color to pass through.