geography midterm

epidemiologic transition

the process of change in the distinctive causes of death in each stage of the demographic transition

endemic

widespread occurence of an infectious diease that is considered seasonal and/or predictable

overpopulation

a situation in which the number of people in an area exceeds the capacity of the envrionment to support them at a decent standard of living

industrial revolution

a series of improvements in industrial technology that transformed the process of manufacturing goods

demographic transition

the process of change in a society’s population from a condition of high crude birth and death rates and low natural increase rate to condition of low crude birth and death rates, low natural increase rate, and higher total population

medical revolution

medical technology invented in Europe and north America that has diffused to the developing countries in Latin America, Asia, and Africa. Improved medical practices have eliminated many of the traditional causes of death in developing countries and enabled more people to live longer and healthier lives

life expectancy

the average number of years an individual can be expected to live, given current social, economic and medical conditions

arithmetic density

the total number of people divided by the total land area

crude birth rate

the total number of live births in a year for every 1,000 people alive in society

pestilence

virulent epidemic

crude death rate

the total number of deaths in a year for every 1,000 people alive in the society

agricultural density

the ratio of the number of farmers to the total amount of arable land

maternal mortality rate

the annual number of female deaths per 100,000 live births from any cause related to or aggravated by pregnancy or its management (excluding accidental or incidental causes)

dependency ratio

the number of people under age 15 and over age 64 compared to the number of people active in the labor force

pandemic

disease that occurs over a wide geographic area and affects a very high proportion of the population

antinatalist policy

government policy that supports lower birth rate

epidemiology

the branch of medical science concerned with the incidence, distribution and control of diseases that are prevalent among a population at a certain time and are produced by some special causes not generally present in the afffected locality

infant mortality rate

the total number of deaths in a year among infants under 1 year of age for every 1000 live births in a society

zero population growth

a decline of total fertility rate to the point where the natural increase rate equals zero

sfx ratio

the number of males per 100 females in the population

physiological density

number of people per unit area of arable land, which is land suitable for agriculture

total fertility rate

the average number of children a women will have throughout her childbearing years

potential elderly support ratio

the number of working-age people (ages 15 to 64) divided by the number of persons 65 and older

pronatalist policy

government policy that supports higher birth rates

epidemic

a widespread occurence of an infectious disease in a community at a particular time

natural increase rate

the percentage growth of a population in a year computed as the crude birth rate minus the crude death rate

ecumene

the portion of earths surface occupied by permanent human settlement

forced migration

permanent movement from cultural or environmental factors

brain drain

large scale emigration by talented people

asylum seekers

someone who migrated to another country in the hope of being recognized as a refugee

mobility

all types of movements between locations

push factor

a factor that incentivises people to leave

refugee

people who forced to migrate from home country and cant return because of persecution

internally displaced person

somone who has been forced to migrate for similar poltical reasons as a refugee but they havent crossed an international border

migration transition

a change in migration pattern in a society that results from industrialization, population growth, other social and economic changes

internal migration

permanent movement within a country

immigration

migration to a new location

guest worker

worker who migrated from northern or western europe from southern and eastern europe in search of a higher paying job

circulation

short term, repetitive or cyclical movements that recur on a regular basis

voluntary migration

permanent movement undertaken by choice

intraregional migration

permanent movement within one region of a country

unauthorized immigrants

someone who enters a country without the proper documents allowing them

step migration

migration that follows a path of a series/steps toward a final destination

pull factor

what makes people want to go to a certain place

remittance

transfer of money by workers to people in the country they came from

floodplain

the area subject to flooding during a given number of years, according to historical trends

net migration

difference between the level of immigration and the level of emigration

international migration

permanent movement from one country to another

quota

law thats puts max on number of ppl who can immigrate to a country each year

migration

form of relocation diffusion involving a permanent move to a new location

circular migration

temporary movement of a migrant worker between home and host countries to seek emplyment

counter urbanization

net migration from urban to rural areas in developed countries

interregional migration

permanent movement from one region of a country to another

emigration

migration from a location

intervening obstacle

environmental or cultural feature of the landscape that hinders migration

trolling

posting off topic message to rage bait someone

malware

intrusive software that enters computer to cause harm like a virus

ransomware

form of malware that takes the person’s computer files and won’t give them back until a ransom is paid

habit

a reptitive act performed by someone

taboo

something that is not done by a society because of social custom

terroir

distinct location for way it taste like wine in italy vs wine in CA

Alt fact

statement that can be proved false

cultural homogenization

pop culture spreads, cultural diversity goes down

franchise

market coporation in a local area (mcdonalds in china)

cryptoviral extortion

method of guys locking your files and making you pay money

culture

tradition of group that is defined by materials owned, beliefs, social norms

cyber espionage

unauthorized deployment of computer virus to destroy the data in the computer system

esports

sport ocmpetition in video game

popular culture

culture that shares certain habits and seeks similar materials goods even with indiv. differences

malicious software

computer software designed to cause harm

folk culture

culutre from small rural group isolated from other groups

fake news

fake news

custom

repeating act of a GROUP

alt fact

can be proved wrong