History ch 4 test

Everything the Greeks produced flowed from this central virtue, which means ‘excellence’.

Arete. From Homer to classical phylosophers; from the physical to moral virtue to the highest unconditional love.

Where was the earliest center of civilization located in the Aegean region?

Crete

What Aegean culture displayed I love for military pursuits?

Mycenaean

What athletic contest began as an attempt to please the Greek gods through physical prowess?

Olympics

From what 2 epic poems do we get a glimpse of Greek life during the period from 1150 to 750 BC? From whom are these poems attributed?

a.) Illiad b.)Oddyssy c.) Homer

What ancient civilization had modern plumbing in the palace?

Minon, Knossos- capital

Like many other ancient religions, the Greek system of belief was polytheistic. In a number of important aspect, however, Greek religion was different from other pagan systems, in that…

A.) It had no powerful priesthood. The priest were public officials appointed to preform certian religious rights. B.) It didn’t enfosize preparation for the afterlife rather it was concerend with present earthy needs. c.) With the exception of the Delphic orecal magic and astrology were almost nonexitent.

The leading commercial center of early mainland Greek civilization was..

Mycenae

What city located near the Hellspont became a major commercial rival for other early Greek cities?

Troy

The Olympic Games were originally held in honor of..

Zeus

True or False. Geography played a critical role in the development of Greek history

True

True or False. Greek mythology played a dominant role in the forming of Greek culture

True

The Dark Ages are also called the Homeric Age because Homer…

Wrote poems that give nearly the only insight into the Greek way of life

Why did the isolation of the Greek city states result in a spirit of independence and a love of individualism

• Greek states were forced to defend themselves to insure there own survival.

• As they learned to survive and thrive they developed a spirit of independence.

• There success was based on the contributions of these individuals.

In what age did city states like Athens, Sparta, Corinth, and Delphi arise? What was the basic political unit of Greece? What archon instituted reforms to help the common man.

A.) Arkak B.)Polish C.)Solon

List and define the four basic forms of government found in the Greek city-states. What was the basic political unit of Greece? What are the key drawbacks with each of the four types of Greek government?

1. Monarchy-Ruled by one (king): The well-being of the nation is tied to the moral character of the monarch.

2. Oligarchy-Ruled by a few (council of Nobles): This system risks creating a class divide… The poor classes wouldn’t be treated as well.

3. Democracy-Ruled by the people: Although it empowers citizens by giving them a voice, it may prioritize popular opinion over sound, long term judgement.

4. tyranny-Ruled by individual who gained control, sometimes by force: A tyrant may or might intintually aim to restore chaotic prior government, on restraind power and lead to untold horrors.

What two Greek cities-states represented two opposing ways of life within Greek society?

A.) Sparta B.)Athens

What was the ‘safety value’ Greek democracy?

Ostracism, this allowed Athenian citicenary to peacefuly remove an over powerful individual.

How did the Spartan system affect family life?

• Boys would be removed from home at the early age of seven

• For boys this was normality

• As men they lived in military baricts

• Idealy how should the family unit be?

• what unsean consiquinces might be a result?

What was Magna Gracia?

Greek colonies in southern Icily and Italy

Sparta formed which league to protect against foreign invasion and prevent tyranny and democracy?

Peloponnesian

At what mountain-pass battle of 480 BC did a Spartan army fight to its death?

Thermopylae

What was the fortified hill constructed in Greek cities for protection called?

Acropolis

What Persian civilization threatened the Greeks at the outset of the fifth century?

Persia

At what battle did an unorthodox charge by the Greeks help them to win a decisive victory?

The Battle of Marathon

Across what bodies of water did Xerxes make a bridge of boats to move his army?

The Hellspont

Who was the influential leader of Athens during her so-called Golden Age?

Pericleis

Which city- state emerged victoriously in the Peloponnesian war?

Sparta

Why did the end of the Peloponnesian war not lead to peace?

• The city-states that sought freedom from Athens now found themselves dominated by Sparta

• They began to retest this control as well

Analyze Pericles’ statement on Athenian democracy

• It’s a defining moment for the development of Athenean democracy

• Under his leadership all adult males could partisipate in government

The alliance formed by Athens to protect Greece from further Persian attack was called the…

Delian Leage

The final defeat of the Persians in Greece was at the Battle of…

Platea

What was the name given to the new culture that emerged in the Near East that mixed Greek culture with the culture of the East?

Hellonistic or Like the Greek

Why would Greek philosophers’ reason and seek answers to life’s important questions? What philosopher developed the three-step logical process of thinking called a Syllogism? What are the three steps?

1. As humans beings, being made in the image of God

2. Arestodile

3. A major prism- All humans are mortal

4. Minor prism-Mr K. is human

5. Conclusion- Mr. K is mortal

What is the breakdown of government and order called?

Anarchy

who was the more objective historian: Herodotus or Thucydides? What is just one main distinction between the two historians?

1. Threeydides

2. Herodotus, would include the super natural, myth, or ledgean to help explain the story as he wrote it.

Identify the three styles of Greek architecture?

1. Doric

2. Ionic

3. Corenthian

What term is used for the formal study of human thought and cultural? What are the two forms or Greek drama?

1. Humanities

2. Comidy

3. Tragedy

Who was known to said, “ Know thyself” What did he mean?

1. Socrates

2. To engage in a deep honest self examination to understand your true nature vertuse and limitations.

Attach the appropriate name to the following

1. Republic

2. Medicine

3. Astronomy and Geography

4. Father of History

5. Geometry

6. Peloponnesian War

7. Father of Medicine

1. Pluto

2. Hippocrates

3. Eratosthenes Herotise

4. Eucild

5. Thucydies

6. Hippocrates

Questions of philosophy and religion can be properly answered only in light of God’s revelations. True or False

True

Would some modern physicians be opposed to following the principles found in the Hippocratic Oath?

Probably, What doctors face today probably would cause problems back then.

Of what kingdom did Philip II rule?

Macedonia

what term means “ like the Greek”?

Hellenistic

In which region did Alexander the Great halt his world conquest because his exhausted army refused to march farther?

India

The celebration of the rededication of the Temple is known as….

Hanukkah

List three ruling families that ruled portions of Alexander’s empire after his death. Identify the region over which each family ruled.

1. Ptolemies- Egypt

2. Seleucids- Cyriu and Persia

3. Antiganids- Macedonia and Greece

Who defeated the Persian army under Darius III? How?

1. Alexander the Great

2. Weakness of the Persian army- poor command and control, limited adaptibilty

3. Where as Alexanders ability to use teraine and his inivative tactics.