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Scientific Method

A method to test a question, uses repeated results

Theory

Heavily tested and proven, not fact (WHY)

Hypothesis

A guess to predict an experiments results (WHY)

Law

A rule that holds true universally (HOW)

Quantitative

Numbers + Data

Qualitive

Senses + Visible Data

Independent Variable

Procedures that are Changed (x)

Dependant Variable

Data that is Measured (y)

Controlled Variable

Remains consistent throughout an experiment

Control Group

An experiment done without independent variable

Matter

Anything with mass, composed of atoms

Not matter

Light, heat, sound

Elements

Compsoed of one type of atom, found on periodic table

Compounds

Two or more atoms chemically bonded together

Heterogeneous Mixture (different)

Two substances mixed, visibly seen seperate

Homogeneous Mixture (same)

Two substances mixed, cannot see individual parts. "Uniform Throughout"

Chemical Properties

Describes how a chemical will react during a change

Physical Properties

Properties that are observed without changing substance

Extensive Physical Property

Dependant on amount of substance

Intensive Physical Property

Holds true for all sample sizes

Physical Changes

A change in the physical property of a substance (state of matter, tear, crush)

Metric System

Kilo _ _ Base, Deci, Centi, Milli _ _ Micro _ _ Nano

Significant Figure

All digits seen on Measure device PLUS one estimated digit

Adding/Subtracting Rule

Same # of Digits after DECIMAL point as input with the LEAST

Multiplying/Dividing Rule

Same # of Sig Figs. as input with the LEAST

Pacific- Decimal Point Present

Start from Left

Atlantic- Decimal Point Absent

Start from Right

Range

(Highest Value - Lowest Value) /2

Precision

Average +- Range

Accuracy

((Average - Correct) / Correct) x 100

Density

Measurement of how tightly packed particles are

Density Formula

Mass / Volume

Volume Formula

Mass / Density

Mass Formula

Density * Volume

Chemical Change

A change that results in a new substance