body wall/ back / lower limb muscles

Splenius

O: inferior skull & spinous processes T1-6

I: Mastoid process on temporal bones, occipital bone

A: Bilaterally: extend head & neck - unilaterally: flex head /neck

In:Cervical /thoracic dorsal rami

Iliocostalis

O: iliac crest

I:angle of ribs

A:bilaterally:extend vertebral column - unilaterally: flex vertebral column

In:cervical & thoracic dorsal rami

Longissimus

O: iliac crest

I:mastoid process of temporal bones

A: bilaterally: extend head/neck-unilaterally:laterally flex head/neck

In:cervical & thoracic dorsal rami

Spinalis

O:iliac crest

I:spinous process of cervical & thoracic vertebrae

A: bilaterally: extend vertebral column - unilaterally: flex vertebral column

In: cervical & thoracic dorsal rami

Semispinalis

O: transverse process of cervical & thoracic vertebrae

I:back of skull

A: bilaterally: extend head&neck - unilaterally:flex head & neck

In:cervical & thoracic dorsal rami

Multifidus

O: transverse process of cervical vertebrae

I:spinous process of vertebrae 2-3

A:bilaterally: extend vertebral column - unilaterally: flex vertebral column

In:dorsal rami of spinal nerves

Rectus Abdominus

O:pubic bone

I:sternum

A: compress abdominal viscera & flex trunk

In:thoracic ventral rami

External obliques

O: lower 8 ribs

I: iliac crest

A: compress & support abdominal viscera/ flex & rotate trunk

In:thoracic ventral rami

Internal obliques

O: iliac crest

I: ribs 10-12

A:compress & support abdominal viscera

In:thoracic & lumbar ventral rami

Transversus abdominis

O:iliac crest

I: linea alba via rectus sheath

A:compress& support abdominal viscera

In:thoracic&lumbar ventral rami

Quadratus lumborum

O:iliac crest

I:transverse process of lower lumbar vertebrae

A: bilaterally:extend vertebral column - unilaterally: flex vertebral column

In:thoracic & lumbar ventral rami

Diaphragm

O: xiphoid process of sternum

I: central tendon

A:decreases pressure of thoracic cavity

In:phrenic nerve

External intercostals

O: muscles attached to ribs

I: same as origin

A: elevate rib cage during quiet inspiration

In:intercostal nerves

Internal intercostals

O:muscles attached to ribs

I: same as origin

A: depress rib cage during forced expiration

In: intercostal nerves

Transverse thoracic

O: posterior surface of sternum

I:internal surface of costal cartilage 2-6

A: assist in deep inhalation

In:intercostal nerves

Scalenes

O: transverse process of cervicle vertebrae

I: ribs 1-2

A: assist in deep inhalation

In:cervicle spinal nerves

Iliacus

O: iliac fossa

I: lesser trochanter of femur

A: flexes thigh at hip

In: femoral nerve

Psoas major

O: body of lumbar vertebrae

I: lesser trochanter

A: flexes thigh at hip

In: lumbar ventral rami

Gluteus Maximus

O: posterior ilium

I:gluteal tuberosity

A: extend thigh at hip & lateral rotation of thigh at hip

In:inferior gluteal nerve

Gluteus medius

O: lateral surface of ilium

I:greater trochanter

A: abducts thigh at hip

In:superior gluteal nerve

Gluteus minimus

O: lateral surface of ilium

I: greater trochanter

A:abducts & medically rotates thigh at hip

In:superior gluteal nerve

Tensor fasciae latae

O: iliac crest

I: iliotibial tract

A:abducts & flexes thigh at hip

In:superior gluteal nerve

Piriformis

O:anterior surface of sacrum

I:greater trochanter

A:laterally rotates thigh at hip

In:nerve to the piriformis

Pectineus

O: superior ramus

I: Posterior femur

A: adducts and flexes thigh at hip

In: Obturator nerve and femoral nerve

Adductor longus

O: Anterior pubic bone

I: Linea aspera

A: Adduct thigh at hip

In: Obturator nerve

Adductor Brevis

O: Anterior pubic bone and inferior ramus

I: proximal linea aspera

A: adducts thigh at hip

In: Obturator nerve

Adductor magnus

O: inferior ramus& ischial tuberosity

I: linea aspera

A: addict and extend thigh at hip

In: Obturator and sciatic nerve

Gracilis

O: inferior ramus of pubic bone

I: Medial surface of proximal tibia

A: adduct thigh at hip and flex leg at knee

In: obturator nerve

Sartorius

O: ASIS

I: medial surface of proximal tibia

A: Flex and laterally rotate thigh at hip & flex leg at knee

In: femoral nerve

Rectus femoris

O: AIIS

I: tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon

A: flex thigh at hip and extend leg at knee

In: femoral nerve

Vastus Lateralis

O: linea aspera and greater trochanter

I: tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon

A: Extend leg at knee

In: femoral nerve

Vastus Intermedius

O: Anterior and lateral surface of femur

I: tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon

A: extend leg at knee

In: femoral nerve

Vastus medialis

O: linea aspera

I: tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon

A: Extends leg at knee

In: femoral nerve

Tensor vastus intermedius

O: Intertrochanteric line & greater trochanter

I: Tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon

A: extends leg at knee

In: femoral nerve