Quick Cross Cult Pysch Part 1

Cultural psychology

studies links between culture and psychological variables; behavior and thinking come from the interaction of culture and individual

Cross-cultural psychology

compares cultures to see how they affect people and why diversity exists

Etic

outsider view, assumes some principles apply to all cultures

Emic

insider view, stresses what’s unique to one culture

Education

understand learning styles and classroom behavior to teach inclusively

Mental health

adapt treatment to cultural values; know how disorders are viewed across cultures

HR

manage communication styles, leadership preferences, and workplace values in diverse teams

Public policy

promote inclusion, equal opportunity, and social justice

Traditional cultures

roles prescribed, behavior judged by custom, truth unchanging, individual choice restricted

Nontraditional cultures

roles achieved, behavior judged by individual choice, truth emerges from competing ideas, choice less restricted

Power distance

how much people accept unequal power in institutions

Uncertainty orientation

discomfort with uncertainty and ambiguity

Individualism

concern for yourself and your immediate family or primary group

Collectivism

concern for others and care for traditions and values

Goes from ethnocentric (own culture central and superior) to ethnorelative (differences valued)

Denial

unaware of or uninterested in differences; may think own culture is the only real one

Defense

sees differences negatively and defends own culture as superior (us-versus-them)

Minimization

downplays differences by stressing human similarities

Acceptance

appreciates differences; sees that norms shape perceptions, behavior, and values

Adaptation

changes behavior and communication style to interact effectively

Integration

includes multiple cultural perspectives in identity and moves between them

Honeymoon

fascinated, curious, open

Cultural shock

notices differences; may feel anxious, frustrated, overwhelmed

Adjustment

accepts the problem, improves language, builds relationships with locals

Mastering/acceptance

realizes complete knowledge of the culture isn’t needed to thrive

Acculturative stress

response to life events rooted in intercultural contact

Stressors

negative events; coping strategies

Nostalgia

longing for relatives, friends, and familiar cues

Disorientation and loss of control

familiar behavior cues are missing, causing anxiety and depressive thinking

Language barrier dissatisfaction

frustration and isolation

Loss of habits and lifestyle

can’t do previously enjoyed activities

Perceived differences / value differences

exaggerated and hard to accept

Definition

using knowledge and skills to overcome obstacles, adapt, understand reality, and reach goals

Linguistic-verbal

strong verbal skills, sensitivity to sounds, meanings, and rhythms of words

Logical-mathematical

abstract thinking, spotting logical and numerical patterns

Spatial-visual

thinking in images, visualizing accurately

Bodily-kinesthetic

controlling body movements, handling objects skillfully

Musical

producing and appreciating rhythm, pitch, and timbre

Interpersonal

detecting and responding to others’ moods, motivations, and desires

Intrapersonal

self-aware, in tune with own feelings, values, and beliefs

Naturalist

recognizing and categorizing plants, animals, and nature

Sternberg (1997)

intelligence is a mental process that may or may not show up as behavior

Intelligent behavior varies by culture

Environment

many mental functions develop through interaction with it

SES

intelligence scores generally correlate positively with socioeconomic status

Family

affluent, educated families usually provide more resources for a child’s development