Spanish Lección 1 Study Guide

Vocabulary flashcards covering Spanish Lección 1 (Sections 1.0 to 1.4), including greetings, nouns and articles, numbers 0-30, present tense of ser, subject pronouns, and telling time.

Buenos días

Good morning.

Buenas noches

Good evening; Good night.

Hasta la vista

See you later.

Hasta pronto

See you soon.

¿Cómo se llama usted?

What's your name? (formal)

Le presento a…

I would like to introduce you to… (formal)

Te presento a…

I would like to introduce you to… (familiar)

¿Qué pasa?

What's happening?; What's going on?

De nada

You're welcome.

No hay de qué

You're welcome.

don / doña

Titles used with first names in Spanish-speaking countries to show respect (e.g., don Paco, doña Carolina). They are not capitalized.

Cognates

Words that share similar spellings and meanings in Spanish and English (e.g., el/la profesor(a), el/la turista).

False cognates

Words that have similar spellings in Spanish and English but different meanings (e.g., la carpeta means folder, el éxito means success).

el mapa

Map; a common masculine noun exception that ends in -a.

la mano

Hand; a common feminine noun exception that ends in -o.

la foto

Photograph; a feminine noun ending in -o because it is a shortened form of la fotografía.

Definite articles

Spanish words equivalent to 'the' (el, la, los, las) that agree in gender and number with the noun.

Indefinite articles

Spanish words equivalent to 'a', 'an', or 'some' (un, una, unos, unas) that agree in gender and number with the noun.

hay

The Spanish equivalent of both 'there is' and 'there are'.

¿Cuántos? / ¿Cuántas?

Question words used before masculine and feminine nouns, respectively, meaning 'How many?'.

tú vs. usted

Singular subject pronouns meaning 'you': tú is familiar (used with friends, family, or children), while usted is formal (used with superiors, professors, or older people).

ustedes

Subject pronoun for 'you' (plural). In Latin America, it is used for both familiar and formal plural 'you'; in Spain, it is used only formally.

vosotros / vosotras

Subject pronouns for 'you' (familiar plural, masculine/mixed and feminine) used in Spain.

ser

An irregular Spanish verb meaning 'to be', conjugated as soy, eres, es, somos, sois, son, and used to express identity, origin, professions, objects, and possession.

del

The contraction formed when the preposition de is followed by the masculine article el (de + el = del).

¿Qué hora es?

Question used to ask 'What time is it?'.

Es la una

Time expression used to state 'It is one o'clock'.

Son las…

Time expression used with numbers 2 through 12 to state the hour (e.g., Son las dos).

y cuarto / y quince

Expressions used to state 'quarter past' or 'fifteen minutes past' the hour.

y media / y treinta

Expressions used to state 'half past' or 'thirty minutes past' the hour.

en punto

Expression meaning 'on the dot' or 'sharp' when telling time.

el mediodía

Expression meaning 'noon'.

la medianoche

Expression meaning 'midnight'.

¿A qué hora…?

Question phrase used to ask '(At) what time…?' an event takes place.