Canine and feline pregnancy, whelping and dystocial

What are signs that can help predict parturition in a dogs 1-2 weeks before birth

• vulvar discharge

• anorexia

• nesting behavior

What are tow physiologic signs that a dog is 1-2 days away from giving birth

• body temperature

• serum progesterone

About a day before birth a dogs ________ drops due to decreased ___________

• temperature

• progesterone

About 2 days away from parturition a dogs serum _________ should be less than _________

• progesterone

• 2

Which early sign of parturition is most accurate at predicating birth?

drop in serum progesterone

What are the last fetal parts to develop

• tail

• teeth

• talus

• toes

Radiographs of the puppies will be fully developed _______ days before whelping

4

The most accurate way to predict parturition is through _______________

ultrasonographic examination

Through ultrasonographic examination you are able to see the fetal development of _____ which occurs _______ days before parturition

• GI layering

• 2-8

Through ultrasonographic examination you are able to see the fetal development of the ability of _____ which occurs _______ days before parturition

• GI peristalsis

• 4-6 days

what are the 3 stages of normal parturition

1. cervical dilation

2. birth

3. pass placenta

It may take up to ____ to pass the first pup then after it should only be about ______ hours in between pups

• 4

• 2

What is considered a dystocia in a dog

• prolonged gestation

• greater than 12 hours in stage 1

• greater than 4 hours in stage 2 with no puppies

• stage 2 with hard contractions for over 30 mins

• over 2 hours in-between puppies

• systemic illness of mother

• hemorrhage

• green discharge

• abnormal presentations

What breed has the most predisposition to having dystocia

boston terrier

The most common maternal cause of dystocia is __________

uterine inertia

what is a primary cause of uterine inertia

• singleton litter

• hypocalcemia

what is a secondary cause of uterine inertia

• obese animals

• fetopelvic disproportion

• elderly animals

What are maternal causes of dystocia

• uterine intertia

• fetal oversize

• abnormalities sin posture

A dog struggling to give birth with a palpable puppy in the canal has an __________

obstructive dystocia

in dystocia a fetal heart rate of _________ is normal but a heart rate of _________ is bad and should be addressed immediately

• >200

• <160

In order to work up a dystocia case what diagnostics should be run

• blood work

• physical exam

• abdominal ultrasound

• radiographs

small and toy breeds are predisposed to __________

singleton litter

Large dogs with singletons litters will often have delayed or absent _____________

onset of parturition

Diagnoses of singleton litter requires ____________ becuase it might not _________

• serial progesterone monitoring

• fall

what is the average feline gestation period

63 days

When can cat pregnancy be diagnosed

• palpation 21-25 days

• ultrasound 10 days

• relaxin 30 days

Dystocia is uncommon in _________

cats

in cats _______ does not fall prior to birth

progesterone