science quiz unit 3 part 1

ATP

adenosine triphosphate; a molecule that stores and provides usable energy for a cell’s activities

Photosynthesis

Process by which light energy is converted to chemical energy; produces glucose (sugar) and oxygen from carbon dioxide and water

Chloroplasts

organelle composed of numerous membranes that are used to convert solar energy into chemical energy ; contains chlorophyll

Chlorophyll

light-absorbing pigment molecule in photosynthetic organisms

cellular respiration

process of producing up to 38 ATP molecules by breaking down carbon-based molecules when oxygen is present

aerobic

process that requires oxygen to occur

anaerobic

process that does not require oxygen to occur

mitochondrion

bean-shaped organelle that supplies energy (ATP) to the cell and has its own ribosomes and DNA

glucose

a simple sugar; the main fuel for cellular respiration

fermentation

anaerobic process by which 2 ATP molecules are produced by glycolysis