Cardiovascular System Flashcards

Flashcards reviewing the cardiovascular system, including the heart, blood vessels (arteries and veins), serous membranes, and histology.

The is a serous fluid-filled sac that lines body cavities and organs.

serous membrane

The serous membrane is made up of two layers: the layer and the layer.

parietal, visceral

The serous membrane for the lungs is called , for the heart it's called , and for the abdominal cavity it's called .

pleura, pericardium, peritoneum

The serous membrane for the heart is called .

pericardium

The cavity between the visceral and parietal layers of the pericardium is called the cavity.

pericardial

From the outside, the pericardium is called pericardium.

fibrous

The three layers of the heart wall are the , , and .

endocardium, myocardium, epicardium

The innermost layer of the heart wall is the .

endocardium

The middle layer of the heart wall, which is muscle, is the .

myocardium

The outermost layer of the heart wall is the .

epicardium

From the perspective of the heart wall, the outer layer is called the , but from the perspective of the pericardium, it is called the layer of the serous pericardium.

epicardium, visceral

The epicardium is made of epithelium, connective tissue, and connective tissue.

simple squamous, areolar, adipose

The simple squamous epithelium found in the inner layer of the heart wall and the innermost layer of blood vessels is called .

endothelium

Arteries usually have a very smooth muscle layer, while veins have a very smooth muscle layer.

thick, thin

If a blood vessel in a histology slide appears perfectly circular, it is likely a(n) ; if it is collapsed, it is likely a(n) .

artery, vein

The three layers of a blood vessel wall are the , , and .

tunica intima, tunica media, tunica externa

The tunica intima is made of .

endothelium

The tunica media is made of .

smooth muscle cells

Arteries have an between the tunica intima and tunica media, and an between the tunica media and tunica externa.

internal elastic lamina, external elastic lamina

Veins have elastic connective tissue compared to arteries.

less

are present in veins to prevent the backflow of blood.

Valves

Compared to veins, arteries generally have a lumen and walls.

narrower, thicker

The is the thickest layer in arteries, while the is the thickest layer in veins.

tunica media, tunica externa

lamina is present in arteries but not in veins.

elastic

Endomysium, perimesium, and epimesium are terms used for muscle, while endocardium, myocardium, and epicardium are terms used for the .

skeletal, heart

arterioles

The smallest arteries are called .

venules

The smallest veins are called .

Capillaries

are microscopic blood vessels that connect arterioles and venules.

simple squamous

The walls of capillaries are made of epithelium.

Sinusoids

are specialized capillaries in the liver.

Brain capillaries

are specialized capillaries in the brain.

hematology

The study of blood is called .

connective

Blood is a type of tissue.

plasma

The matrix in blood is called .

erythrocytes, leukocytes, thrombocytes

The three types of blood cells (formed elements) are , , and .

red blood cells (RBCs)

Erythrocytes are also known as .

white blood cells (WBCs)

Leukocytes are also known as .

Thrombocytes are

What is a serous membrane?

A serous membrane is a serous fluid-filled sac that lines body cavities and organs.

What are the two layers of the serous membrane?

The serous membrane is made up of two layers: the parietal layer and the visceral layer.

What are the serous membranes for the lungs, heart, and abdominal cavity called?

The serous membrane for the lungs is called pleura, for the heart it's called pericardium, and for the abdominal cavity it's called peritoneum.

What is the serous membrane for the heart called?

The serous membrane for the heart is called pericardium.

What is the cavity between the visceral and parietal layers of the pericardium called?

The cavity between the visceral and parietal layers of the pericardium is called the pericardial cavity.

What is the outside of the pericardium called?

From the outside, the pericardium is called fibrous pericardium.

What are the three layers of the heart wall?

The three layers of the heart wall are the endocardium, myocardium, and epicardium.

What is the innermost layer of the heart wall?

The innermost layer of the heart wall is the endocardium.