Ch.10 Human Diversity Key Terms

Cultural Competency

Possessing a set of attitudes, behaviors, and policies that come together in a system, or among individuals, to enable effective interactions in a cross-cultural framework. Understanding the types of diversity are core to this process

The Age Discrimination in Employment Act

Preventing employers from exhibiting discrimination based solely on age in hiring, promotion, job assignment, compensation, and termination.

Glass ceiling

Precluded from being promoted or elected to high-level positions because of a gender

Gender role stereotyping

The expectation of how people should behave based solely on gender

The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990

Law for protection, reasonable accommodations, and prevention of discrimination for people with disabilities

Four core values of Human rights law to individuals with disability

Autonomy, Dignity, Equality, Solidarity

Assimilation

Process by which people of diverse backgrounds slowly give up their original cultural language and identity and melt into another, usually larger group

Bias

Prejudice: thinking negatively of others without any or significant justification. Generally, a combination of stereotype beliefs and negative attitudes.

Biculturalism

Being able to negotiate two or more different cultures competently, individual and mainstream.

Cultural

Of or relating to culture

Cultures

All of the socially transmitted behavior patterns, art, beliefs, institutions, and all other products of human work and thought by particular classes, communities, or populations.

Discrimination

Actions involved in the unequal or prejudicial treatment of people because they belong to a certain category, group, or race. May also include disability, ethnicity, and sexual orientation.

Diverse

Differing from one another, made up of distinct characteristics, qualities, or elements.

Diversity

Fact or quality of being diverse, different (all of the ways in which human beings are both similar and different)

Ethnic

Designating any of the basic groups or division of humankind or of a heterogeneous population, as distinguished by customs, characteristics, language, and common history; national origin

Ethnicity

Ethnic affiliation or classification

Ethnocentrism

Tendency toward viewing the norms and values of the individual’s own culture as absolute and using them as a standard against which all other cultures are measured.

Gender

Chromosomal designation of male or female being

Homophobia

Irrational fear of and hostility toward homosexuality

LGBTQ+

An acronym used to describe individuals who identify as other than heterosexual, i.e., lesbian, gay, bisexual, transsexual, queer, and/or questioning intersex, and asexual and/or ally, plus others

Mental and Physical abilities

Capacity to perform cognitive and psychomotor tests

Race

Population that differs from others in the relative frequency of some gene or genes; any of the different varieties of humankind, distinguished by type of hair, color of eyes, and skin, stature, bodily proportions, or other characteristics

Racism

Belief in racial superiority leading to discrimination and prejudice toward races considered inferior

Religion

Belief in a divine or superhuman power or powers, to be obeyed and worshipped as the creator(s) and ruler(s) of the universe

Cultures

Develop behaviors, norms, and values that are suited to a specific environment and over time take on the strength of tradition

Globalization

People cross borders into other countries to work, go to school, receive medical care, visit, and live.

Organized cultural diversity initiatives

Key to providing high quality patient care is through

Personal biases

Play a major role in how individuals perceive others

Knowledge and education of other cultures

Biases can be lessened through

Ethnicity

A person’s distinctive racial, national, religious, linguistic or cultural heritage

Ethnocentrism and racism

To understand and accept human diversity and create a mutually inclusive society, what must be eliminated?

Cultural values

Socially shared ideas about what is good, moral, and right, and what is bad, immoral, and wrong.

Intersex

Physical and/or characteristics that do not adhere to the category of specifically female or male

Intelligence Quotient (IQ)

Used to determine if individuals have normal, superior, or inferior intellectual capability

Vienna Declaration for Human Rights

States that all human rights and fundamental freedoms are universal and thus unreservedly include persons with disabilities

Standard Rules of the Equalization of Opportunities for People with Disabilities

Resolution established by the United nations. Ensure that people with disabilities, as members of their societies, be allowed to exercise the same rights and obligations as others; it also requires states to remove obstacles to equal participation

Requires society to support and maintain the freedoms of individuals with application of the appropriate social mechanisms

Solidarity

Relates to the fair and equal treatment of everyone, regardless of perceived differences, including a disability

Equality

Provides mechanisms that recognize and support the inestimable value of, because of them inherit self worth, every individual, regardless of ability

Dignity

Provides respect for the right of persons with a disability to have self-directed actions and behaviors and requires that the individual be the ultimate consideration and at the center of all decisions that affect her/him

Autonomy

Empathy

A core skill needed in healthcare intervention

Communication (1 of 6 areas of human cultural diversity)

The ability to convey and receive information

Space (1 of 6 areas of human cultural diversity)

Distance extending in all directions.

Time (1 of 6 areas of human cultural diversity)

Period of duration

Environmental Control (1 of 6 areas of human cultural diversity)

Ability of people to control nature

Biologic Variations (1 of 6 areas of human cultural diversity)

Ethnical or racially related differences in body structure, skin color, hair texture, and other physical characteristics

Social Organizations (1 of 6 areas of human cultural diversity)

Patterns of behaviors related to cultures learned through the process of enculturation