Sex Crimes exam #1

How much do global rates of violence vary?

Enormous variation globally because of the different ways it is calculated

What are the four sources of crime data?

- Official data from police & other CJ agencies

- Victimization surveys

- Self-reported offender studies

-Health statistics/other

Overall, how accurate are these sources of crime data?

Almost all provide inaccurate numbers of crimes

What problems with the data sets is responsible for inaccuracies?

Victims willingness to report crimes to authorities

Police recording and reporting of violent crimes

Failure of researchers to include all populations in the

sampling frame

How do we count violent crimes?

Measurement of other effects

How do we rank as a nation in regards to national violent homicide rates?

The highest

How is a nation’s wealth related to violent crime rates?

The higher the wealth the less the crime aka inverse relationship between wealth and crime

Which country is the exception to the above relationship between violent crime and wealth

The United states

What are the three necessary conditions to establish causation

Temporal precedence

Correlation

Non‑spuriousness

What conclusions could we draw based on what we know about violent crime?

-What we know about violent crime and violent criminals

is based on a very small portion of the actual occurrences

of violent crime.

- The measures minimize the gap in violence between the

most dangerous jurisdictions and those that are less

dangerous.

-Homicide and other forms of violent crime are correlated

with characteristics of a society (national wealth)

Know the four standards of normality.

-Statistical standard = normal: numbers, percentages, proportions, etc.

-Cultural standard =Normal: compliance with cultural or subcultural

expectations

-Religious Standard = Normal: compliance with religious decrees, scriptures, etc.

-Subjective standard = Normal: compliance with a personal judgement.

At what age do most people lose their virginity?

Around 16 to 17 years old

Do the majority of males think about sex on a daily basis

Yes Majority do 54%

How common is the practice of sadomasochism among men and women?

Not very common 14% of men and 11% of women

What book brought S&M into the mainstream?

Fifty shades of gray

What percentage of college students report dreaming about being tied up?

65% of college students

What is choreplay? How common is it?

-it is where someone does chores and they are rewarded with sex

-Very common

What has happened to the average size of women’s breasts over the last 20 years

They have increased from 34B to 34DD

What is the normal size of a penis?

3.5 inches and 5-7 erect

What proportion of LGBTQ teenagers report feeling depressed or down over the past week?

77% feel down or depressed

Which problem behavior is correlated with identifying as gay, lesbian or bisexual

Binge drinking

In 2010, what percentage of the internet was pornography?

4%

Who is more likely to report having visited a porn site in the past 30 days—men or women?

Men at 25% compared to women at 4%

What proportion of women have never visited a porn site?

51% of women

How common is genital herpes?

Very common 1 in 8 people

What percentage of people with genital herpes do not know they have the virus?

90% of people

How many Americans are living with the HIV virus?

Over 1 million

Know the difference between norms, folkways, mores and laws.

-Norms—expected behavior, beliefs or conditions

-Folkways—habitual ways of doing things. They are

often matters of good manners.

-Laws—legally sanctioned folkways and mores

-Mores—norms that if violated threatens the society

as a whole.

Which standard of normality is perhaps the most important standard in one’s life?

Subjective standard

How is context related to normality?

What counts as normal is determined by the culture

The “Song of Solomon” is a love poem from which religion?

It is from Judaism

What two characteristics made the “Band of Thebes” unique?

Never surrendered and they were all homosexuals

Who is Pan?

The God of the countryside/fertility

What is a “Corinthian businessman”?

a pimp

According to Christianity, what did sex do to you?

Cut you off from the love of God

What were some of the restrictions that Christianity placed on sexual practices?

-Not on Holidays

-Marriage only

-Man on top only

Who was liking in the Temple at Khajuraho (in India) when it was rediscovered in 1838?

Monkeys

What is celebrated at Khajuraho each year that brings in excess of 30,000 people?

The wedding of the Gods

In terms of marrying a relative, how many degrees of consanguinity did the pope ban?

Marrying anyone who had the same grandparents 6 generations back

What disease revolutionized the world of sex?

cephalous

Why did Dr. Kellogg create cornflakes?

To stop masturbation and lower sex drive

What was the age of sexual consent In most states in 1888?

10 years old

What are the characteristics of Jewish families?

Patriarchal

-The father was the head of the family

Patrilineal

– One’s lineage is traced through the father

Patrilocal

– Married sons lived close their fathers

Polygynous

– A man could take another wife

What are the characteristics of roman families

-Patriarchal, patrilineal, patrilocal and monogamous

-Allowed equality between the sexes

-Heterosexuality, homosexuality, lesbianism, and hedonism were all seen as

normal parts of one’s personality and were to be enjoyed

What are the characteristics of Greek families

Pragmatic view of sexuality

• Heterosexual sex was for procreation and marital enrichment, but also for

recreation

Homosexuality was publicly and communally encouraged

– The highest form of love was between a man and pre-pubescent boy

Married women had 2 roles in the family: wife and mother

-Males could divorce wives, but not the other way around.

What are the characteristics of Chirstian families

Patriarchal, patrilinear, patrilocal and monogamous

– Sex is seen as degrading

Many restrictions are placed on the family

- Control of sex and marriage was a political move by the Church to win over the

State.

What are the four elements of sex

1. Sexual Fantasy—the mental component

2. Symbolism—the sensory component

3. Ritualism—the habitual component

4. Compulsion—the biological component

Definition of nuisance sex crimes?

sexual act that causes no obvious physical harm to the practitioner or the victim.

Why is it important to study NSC’s?

Growing amount of literature suggesting that many violent serial sex offenders have a history

of nuisance behaviors

Definition of a paraphilia?

Recurrent intense sexual arousing fantasies, sexual

urges, or behaviors generally involving :

 1)nonhuman objects (this is also referred to as a

fetish)

 2)the suffering or humiliation of oneself or one’s

partner, or

 3)children or other nonconsenting persons

 Condition occurs over a period of at least 6 months

What is meant by obligatory element?

For some individuals, the paraphilic fantasies or stimuli are obligatory for erotic arousal and are

always included in sexual activity.

What is Scoptophilia?

act of observing unsuspecting

individuals, usually strangers, who are naked, in the

process of disrobing, or engaging in sexual activity

What is exhibitionism?

the deliberate exposure of one’s genitals under inappropriate circumstances

What is fetishism?

Over a period of at least 6 months, recurrent, intense sexually arousing fantasies,

sexual urges or behaviors involving the use of nonliving objects

What is Frotteurism?

Over a period of 6 months, recurrent, intense sexually arousing fantasies, sexual urges, or behaviors involving the touching and rubbing against a non-consenting person.

What is transvestitism?

Over a period of at least 6 months, a heterosexual male, has recurrent, intense sexually arousing fantasies, sexual urges or behaviors involving cross-dressing

What is pedophilia?

Over 6 months period, recurrent, intense sexually arousing fantasies, sexual urges or behaviors involving sexual activity with a prepubescent (under 13 years of age) child or children.

What is infantilism

sexual play activity in which they pretend to be helpless infants.

What is Agoraphilia

sexual arousal from having sex in open spaces or in a public place.

What is Agrexophilia

sexual arousal from others knowing the person is having sex

What is Polyamory

sexual practice in which a person has sex with more than one partner

What is Narratophilia

sexual arousal or gratification from listening to sexual stories

What is Coprophilia

sexual arousal associated with feces

What is Undinism

sexual attraction to urine

What is Klismaphilia

sexual arousal associated with enemas

What is Gerontophilia

Use of an elderly person as a sexual object

What is Beastiality

sexual arousal associated with having sex with animals.

What is Zoophilia

sexual arousal associated with animals having sex (not having sex with them).

What is Automysophilia

sexual arousal from being dirty or filthy

What is Mysophilia

sexual arousal involving filth

What is Vampirism

sexual arousal from drinking and being exposed to blood.