chapter10

intrisinsic motivation

arises from internal factors

extrinsic motivation

arises from external factors

overjustification effect

intrinsic motivation is diminished when extrinsic motivation is given

William James

instict theory of motivation, asserting behavior driven by insticts (however ignores role of learning in shaping behavior)

Drive theory of motivation

maintenance of homeostasis is important in directing behavior

Psychological drive

direct behavior to bring system back to homeostasis (aids in formation of habits)

Arousal theory of motivation

optimal level of arousal that we try to maintain, preformance is maximized at optimal level

Yerkes-Dodson Law

optimal arousal level depends on complexity and difficulty of task (difficult needs low level, simple needs high leve)

Self-efficacy

individuals belief in own capability to complete a tax

Bandura

theorirzed self efficacy plays a role in motivating behavior, (motivation from expectations and abilites of our own goals)

Social motives

need for achievement, affiliation, intimacy

Before eating

stomach contracts, hunger signals, low blood glucose

After eating

satiation, increase blood glucose levels, leptin released

Set Point theory

each individual has an ideal body weight and set point which is resistant to change

BMI ranges

25-29.9 (overweight) 30, obese, 40, morbidly obese

Bulimia

can cause kidney and heart failure, tooth decay, depression, anxiety

anorexia nervosa

distorted body image, bone loss, heart and kidney failure, amenorrhea, substance abuse

James Lange theory

emotions bc of physiological (event—> physiological —> emotion)

Cannon Bard

physiological and emotion at the same time (event—> emotion and physiological same time)

Schachter singer two factor theory

event —> physiological and cognitive labels —> emotion

Lazarus Cognitive Mediational Theory

event —> label situation immediately and unconsciously —> physiological and emotion same time

Limbic system

mediating emotional response and memory

Hypothalamus

activates the sympathetic NS (fight or flight)

Thalamus

sensory relay center

Amygdala

processing emotional info

Hippocampus

integrates emotional experience with cognition

Basolateral complex

dense connections with different brain sensory areas, conditioning and attaching emotional value to things

Central Nucleus

involved in attention and regulation of the autonomic NS and endocrine system

Cultural display rule

cultures have norms for ehat is “okay” in expressing emotions however some things are universal

Facial Feedback Hypothesis

Facial expressings are capable of influencing our emotions (event—> face —> physiological —> emotion)