respiratory system

The apex for each lung is

Superiorly and medially

The trachea collapses between respirations

False

It is held up by cartilaginous rings that prevent it from collapsing during breathing

Gas exchange, the lungs main and vital function takes place in the

Alveoli

The right lung has 3 lobes left lungs have :

2 lobes

Olfactory epithelium is found:

Covering the superior turbinate

Labored or difficulty breathing is known as

Dyspnea

A person who is trapped underwater for a long enough time will drown this indicate that the:

Cerebral cortex does not have complete control of breathing

Because residual volume cannot be voluntarily exhaled

It is not included in part of vital capacity

When the diaphragm contracts it moves

Downward

When the diaphragm relaxes it moves

Upward

The tendency of the thorax and lungs to return to the peinspiration volume is called

Elastic recoil

For cells to get oxygen they must

Have an oxygen partial pressure lower than the arterial blood serving them

Under usual conditions the oxygen saturation of systemic venous blood is

75%

If a person was skiing high up in the mountains, she might feel that she’s having trouble breathing. This is because.

The lower atmosphere pressure lowers the PO2 and the diffusion gradient between the blood and the atmosphere is less

Each hemoglobin molecule can carry how many carbon dioxide molecules

4

The carbiform plate is part of the

Ethmoid bone

Air inhaled through the mouth would be ______ than the air through the nose

Dirtier

Not a function of the pharynx

Determines quality of the voice

Which is a pyramid shaped cartilage that is an attached point of the vocal cords

Arehtenoid

The fauves, one of the 7 openings found in the pharynx, opens air into the

Oropharynx

Compliance is the ability of the

Lungs and thorax to stretch

The dividing reflex is related to the effects of the hydrostatic pressure on the body

True

The pneumotoxic center operates mainly to prevent

Over inflation of the lung tissue

What constitutes total lung volume

Residual volume and vital capacity

Low PO2 promotes

CO2 binding

High PCO2 encourages

Loading

CO2 binds instead of

Disassociating

Hemoglobin is a quaternary protein consisting of

4 territory polypeptide chains

An increase in the partial pressure of carbon dioxide xe grades be affinity between hemoglobin and oxygen

This is called a right shift or the Bohr effect

In a resting person , the oxygen saturation in the systemic venous blood is about

around 75%

According to the rate laws of chemistry, the more carbon dioxide in the blood

The more carbinohemoglobin will be formed

The length of the pharynx is

12.5 cm

The lower part of the folds in the mucous membranes of the larynx serve as the

Vocal folds

The lower border of the cavity of the lyrics is formed by

The crocoid cartilage

Rule of the surfactant and the respiratory system

It helps reduce surface tension within the alveoli, preventing each viola from collapsing as air moves in and out of respiration

The hollow nasal cavity is separated by a midline portion called the

Septum

The volume forcefully expired during the first second FEV1 is usually

80 to 83% of virtual capacity

A collapsed lung has

No air in it and will sink if placed and water

Which muscles are used to force expiration

Abdominal muscle muscles and internal intercostals

Filip Peña can be relieved by assuming

An erect posture

A type of breathing characterized by gradually increasing title volume for several breaths, followed by several breaths with gradual decreasing title volume

Cheyne-strokes respiration

One reason that Carmen monoxide gas is so dangerous is because

It attaches to hemoglobin more quickly than oxygen gas

What has the greatest acceleration effect on the disassociation of oxygen from hemoglobin?

Decreased PO2 and increased PCO2

The approximate partial pressure of oxygen at standard atmosphere pressure is about

160 mm HG

The PCO2 in the atmosphere is

Less that alveolar aie

Carbon dioxide is carried in three forms in the blood from greatest to least amount:

Bicarbonate ion → carbaminohemohlobin → dissolved in plasma

Another name for larynx is

Voice box

Not a paronasal sinus:

Mandibular

both the right lung and the left lung have an

Oblique fissure

Surfactant helps

Decrease surface tension within the alveoli

An apperatus called a spirometer is used to measure the volume of air

Exchanged in breathing

When the pressure and the lung is greater than the atmospheric pressure

Expiration Occurs

The apneustic center is located in the

Pons of the brain

COPD is a broad term used to describe conditions of

Progressive obstructions of expiatory airflow

Boyales law states that the volume of gas varies ______ with pressure at a ______ temp

Inversely ; constant

The terms “oxygen partial pressure” and _________ are interchangeable

Oxygen tension

There is one atom in

One heme group

Not a characteristic of the paranasal sinuses

They drain or open into oropharynx

Which tonsils are the tonsils, most commonly removed by tonsillectomy?

palenytine tonsils

Which pair of tonsils are located in the oropharynx

Palentine and lingual tonsils

The lower part of the folds in the mucous membrane of the larynx serve as

True vocal cords

The trachea is more commonly known as

The windpipe

In the thoracic cavity the trachea is located in the

Midiastinum

the correct sequence of air as it passes through the nose into the pharynx?

Anterior nares vestibule inferior, middle, and superior meatus posterior nares

In the right lung, the superior and middle lobes are separated by the:

Horizontal fissure

Chemoreceptors can be found in both the carotid bodies and the

Aorta

In both inspiration and expiration, air moves down a

Pressure gradient

The inspiratory capacity is equal to the sum of the

tidal volume and the inspiratory reserve volume.

The PO₂ is higher in the femoral artery than in

the femoral vein

One hundred milliliters of arterial blood contains approximately what volume percent of oxygen?

20%

Carbonic acid forms when

carbon dioxide reacts with water in the blood plasma.

Which statement differentiates between the intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the larynx and explains which one moves the larynx?

Intrinsic muscles have both their origin and insertion on the larynx, whereas extrinsic muscles insert on the larynx but have their origin on some other structure; neither muscle moves nor displaces the larynx as a whole.

not part of the respiratory membrane?

Ciliated respiratory mucosa

The pneumotaxic center operates mainly to

prevent overinflation of lung tissue.

During inspiration, the expansion of the lungs causes:

a decrease in alveolar pressure.

Which of the following constitutes total lung volume?

Residual volume and vital capacity

The Bohr effect explains what happens to oxygen, whereas the

Haldane effect explains what happens to carbon dioxide

On a percentage basis, there is more carbon dioxide dissolved in the plasma than

there is oxygen dissolved in the plasma.

The more common name for the pharynx is the:

Throat

Gas exchange, the lungs’ main and vital function, takes place in the

Alveoli

During inspiration, the expansion of the lungs causes:

a decrease in alveolar pressure.