Everything for Gen Chem Midterm #1

Diatomic elements

H₂, N₂, O₂, F₂, Cl₂, Br₂, I₂

Solubility Rules

N - nitrates (NO₃^-)

A - acetates (C₂H₃O₂^-)

G - group 1

S - sulfates (SO₄^2-)

A - ammonium (NH₄⁺)

G - group 17

Solubility exceptions

(for sulfates and group 17)

P - Pb²⁺, lead

M - mercury, Hg²⁺

S - silver, Ag⁺

Castro Bear (ALSO for sulfates)

Ca²⁺

Sr²⁺

Ba²⁺

ASSUME EVERYTHING ELSE IS INSOLUBLE

ammonium

NH₄⁺

nit- polyatomic

nitrite: NO₂^-

nitrate: NO₃^-

sulf- polyatomic

sulfite: SO₃^2-

sulfate: SO₄^2-

hydroxide

OH^-

cyanide

CN^-

phos- polyatomic

phosphate: PO₄^3-

carb- polyatomic

carbonate: CO₃^2-

chlor- polyatomic

hypochlorite: ClO^-, OC^-

chlorite: ClO₂^-

chlorate: ClO₃^-

perchlorate: ClO₄^-

acetate

C₂H₃O₂^-

mang- polyatomic

permanganate: MnO₄^-

chrom- polyatomic

dichromate: Cr₂O₇^2-

chromate: CrO₄^2-

Cr charge

3+, 6+

Mn charge

2+

Fe charge

2+, 3+

Co charge

2+

Ni charge

2+

Cu charge

+, 2+

Zn charge

2+

Ag charge

+

Cd charge

2+

Pt charge

2+

Au charge

+, 3+

Hg charge

Hg₂²⁺, Hg²⁺

Al charge

3+

Pb charge

2+, 4+

strong acids

HCl

HBr

HI

HNO₃

H₂SO₄

HClO₄

HClO₃

_{SO I BRought NO CLean CLOthes}

strong bases

group 1 metal hydroxides (LiOH, NaOH, KOH, RbOH, CsOH)

heavy group 2 hydroxides (Ca(OH)₂, Sr(OH)₂, Ba(OH)₂)

Common features of combustion reactions (reactants,

products, phases)

reactants: fuel (typically hydrocarbon), oxidant (usually O₂)

products: CO₂, H₂O

type of redox reaction

SI unit prefixes (small)

10^-12 : pico- : p

10^-15 : femto- : f

10^-18 : atto- : a

SI Unit prefixes (big)

10⁶ : mega- : M

10⁹ : giga- : G

10¹² : tera- : T