global unit 2 pt 1

Describe African trade before colonization

There were many international trade route throughout Africa

What was the significance of port cities along the coast of Africa?

The port cities were controlled by European nations used for trade. They were mostly port cities as the interior of Africa had not been explored significantly by Europeans.

In the scramble for Africa (Berlin conference), which countries won the most land?

France and Britain

In the scramble for Africa (Berlin conference), which countries gained the least amt of land

Spain

In the scramble for Africa (Berlin conference), what countries remained independent?

Ethiopia

How does the Industrial Revolution impact Africa

There were new weapons, transportations, and vaccines

What were the economic effects of colonization

Africans had to start growing subsistence crops to survive instead of crops to sell and make money

Africans started getting taxed to raise funds for the colonial system

What were the political effects of colonization

New boarders got drawn that sometimes divided the territory of an ethnic group

Africans lose the ability to have any type of voice in government

What were the cultural effects of colonization

The French tried to assimilate the Africans and erase their local cultures to replace with French culture

C

What were the different forms of resistance used by African people

Strikes and boycotts

Newspapers, books, pamphlets, and petitions that criticized rage colonial system

Formed groups to promote and revive African culture

What impact did WW1 have on African colonies

African soldiers served on battlefields, Africa’s raw materials were critical in supplying the war effort

What was Pan-Africanism?

How did Marcus Garvey fit into this movement?

A political and cultural movement aimed at unifying all people of African descent to fight colonial rule

Marcus Garvey: a prominent leader of this movement

What effect did WW11 have on viewpoints about colonization?

People began to recognize the injustice of maintaining colonialism

People started to realize that British colonies were able to be defeated

Explain Britain’s indirect rule of Ghana

The British would appoint traditional tribal leaders as colonial administrators. It became their duty to enforce the codes set by Britain.

What type of control did France have over Algeria

Direct control, they used assimilation

What was different about rage European rule of the Congo Free State

It wasn’t a Belgian company, it was the kings personal property

What political challenges did African countries face post-independence

Ethnic division

Shortage of trained leaders

What economic challenges did African countries face post-independence

Import/export trade imbalance

Lack of infrastructure

How did the Cold War play a role in these emerging nations

The U.S. wanted to spread democracy

Russia wanted to spread communism

What challenges have African nations faced because if foreign investment

Foreign governments gave loans with high interest rates, pushing these countries further into debt.