RD/DTR Roles, Nutrition Care Framework, and Cultural Humility

What risk factor is the highest in terms of burden of disease, injuries, and risk factors among the US states?

dietary risks

Describe the relationship between fruit/vegetable consumption and mortality from all causes?

inverse

What is a clinical dietician?

part of the interdisciplinary medical team that provides MNT (medical nutrition therapy)

What is the goal of a clinical dietician?

to assist the patient in maintaining or achieving optimal attainable level of nutritional status while working to prevent secondary complications

What are the three different settings that clinical dietitians work in?

1. acute healthcare settings (hospitals, acute rehab)

2. long term care (nursing facilities, rehabilitation centers)

3. outpatient settings (no longs stays in clinic, typically go home same day)

What are the responsibilities and major task for a clinical nutrition manager?

What are the responsibilities and major task for a RDN?

What are the responsibilities and major task for a dietetic technician (NDTR)?

What are the responsibilities and major task for a dietetic assistant/diet clerk?

Who plays the central role in the Health Care Team?

patient

What are different skills needed by RDs?

What are the four steps in the nutrition care process?

1. assess

2. diagnose

3. intervene

4. monitor and evaluate 4

What are 17 focus area standards of practice for RDNs?

Why do we eat what we do? (6)

What is eating linked to?

linked from earliest childhood

• some people have negative experience, some people have positive experiences (dependence vs independence, feelings of wellbeing vs feelings of discomfort) and this leeches into adulthood

How does food solidify social ties?

• can bring people together

  • promotes common interest

  • stimulates bonds with other people and children

• offering food sign of love, affection whereas withholding can be seen as a sign of anger, hostility, and a form of punishment

• accepting food could signify acceptance, reciprocity of feelings whereas refusing can signify enmity and rejection of kindness

What is cultural awareness?

What is cultural competence?

What is cultural responsiveness?

What is cultural humility?

What is cultural empathy?

Why is it important to look at food in a social or cultural context?

need for cultural humility with the increasing rates of cultural pluralism is increasing

• US diversity index = 61.1%

• California diversity index = 69.7% (majority hispanic or latino)

What factors do you have to take into account when talking about dietary change?

• cultural factors → can’t tell them that their cultural foods are unhealthy

• psychology > knowledge → people can know a lot about food but might struggle in the psychological sense (ex: eating disorders)

• culture > knowledge → culture can outweigh scientific knowledge

can’t blame the patient.. duh

What is “culture”?

the shared understandings that characterize groups of people and distinguish them from other groups

• dynamic in nature (won’t see every single part of someone’s culture)

• eating is a cultural affair

• learned, not inherited

• changes over time

Why is culture considered learned?

we are all born with the potential to learn any culture

• family tends to be the major influence/trainer (informal teaching, modeling, and formal instruction)

What is enculturation?

process by which one learns the believes, attitudes, and behaviors of a society

• process we learn as we grow up

What is a dominant culture?

the cultural group that has the power to dominate subcultures or other cultures within its domain

• Americans of European descent currently make up the dominant culture in the US

What is acculturation?

how one adopts the cultural patterns of a host or dominant group

• indicates a groups progression of adopting cultural patterns of a host group

• individuals obtain, maintain, and or abandon values and behaviors of the original and host culture

What is assimilation?

fully merged

What is bicultural?

cultures complement each other

What is ethnocentric?

using your own values to evaluate the behaviors of others

• seeing your culture as “better” or superior

What is prejudice?

hostility directed towards a person of a different cultural group

What is cultural/ethno-relativism?

• assuming all cultural values have equal validity

• approaching different cultures with an open mind

What is dietary acculturation?

the process that occurs when an immigrant adopts the eating patterns and or food choices of the host count

ry

How do you apply acculturation in order to carry out dietary intervention?

• better understand the complexity of factors affecting food choices

• better understand where a client is in the process of dietary acculturation

What is ethnicity?

How is race defined?

a category of humankind that shares certain distinctive physical traits

Can race or ethnicity be detectable in the human genome?

no

Why is it important to understand one’s ethnicity and ethnic identity?

help us better understand food use and any beliefs that may influence their diet

• food can demonstrate solidarity and reinforce connections

• food also distinguishes one group from another

What are the five criteria for cultural humility?

1. be aware of and accept cultural differences

2. be aware of your own cultural values

3. understand cultural differences

4. have basic knowledge about clients’ culture

5. be flexible

What is a definition of stereotyping?

What is a definition of generalizations?

• generalization gives a pre assumption to help understand