Governance and Government

Who gets what, when, and how

Lasswell’s Definition of Politics

Traditionalist

This perspective focuses on the art and science of governance; studies law, history, and institutions (legislative, executive, judicial).

Behaviorist Perspective

This perspective studies political actors’ behaviors, attitudes, and opinions (voters vs. nonvoters, elites vs. non-elites, lobby groups).

Post-behaviorist

This perspective on politics is considered a reaction to behaviorism; politics should be application- and action-oriented, solving real problems.

Moralist

This view on politics is tied to ethics, justice, and the common good.

Realist

From Machiavelli and Hobbes; this view on politics is about power and influence, and any method may be used to get results or keep order.

Ethics

Moral guidelines that shape a person’s choices and behavior.

Political action

These are public policies that regulate society, or actions meant to achieve a goal through political influence.

Political agents

Public officials who carry out the methods of governing.

Utopia

A near-perfect society.

“Power tends to corrupt, and absolute power corrupts absolutely.”

Lord Acton’s quote

Patronage politics, Coercion, Name Recall, Vote buying, and election fraud.

Election issues

Political Science

Deals with the study of politics and power as reflected in the governance of states and nations.

Political Science

It encompasses the study of political behaviors, institutions, policies, and processes at the local, national, and international levels.

State

A political community organized by people occupying a territory recognized with its own sovereignty

Government, people, territory, and sovereignty

Four elements of the state

Government

The entity through which the people’s will is expressed, carried out, and formulated.

Government

It serves the people, holds authority over a territory, and consolidates social, political, and economic functions and decision-making

Governance

The process of governing and overseeing the control of a country. It covers all interactions among the institutions that enact policies affecting public life.

Failed State

A state that can no longer perform its primary functions.

Democratic and republican state

The type of state that the Philippines is. The government is made up of elected officials, and democracy is exercised through the people’s will by election.

Shared Governance

A collaborative process where government institutions and citizens participate together in planning, implementation and decision-making

Citizenship

Defined as the relationship between an individual and a state to which the individual owes allegiance and, in turn, is entitled to its protection.

Governance

It refers to the exercise of power/authority by political leaders for the well-being of their country's citizens.

Political Science

It refers to the systematic study of the state and government.