Mental Health Nursing & Psychotropic Medications Review

Flashcards covering core concepts of mental health nursing assessment, the MSE, recovery-oriented care, brain imaging, and psychotropic medication scenarios.

What is the abridged APA definition of a mental disorder?

A clinically significant behaviour in an individual that results in distress or disability with increased risk for suffering, death, pain or loss of freedom, and is not an expected response to a loss such as death of a loved one.

According to the lecture, under what conditions is an individual considered mentally healthy?

When they meet basic needs, assume responsibility for behavior and self-growth, integrate thoughts, feelings, and actions, resolve conflicts successfully, maintain relationships, communicate directly, respect others, and adapt to change.

What key principles characterize recovery-oriented care?

Respect for individual contexts and wishes, hope for a better future, dignity and self-determination, collaboration and reflection, and a focus on strengths and personal responsibility.

What are the seven primary components of a Mental Status Exam (MSE)?

Appearance & behaviour, speech, emotion (mood/affect), perception, thought content/process, insight/judgment, and cognition.

How does a Mental Status Exam differentiate between "Affect" and "Mood"?

Affect is the observed emotional expression (e.g., flat, blunted, expansive), whereas mood is based on the stated mood, though it can also be drawn from observations (e.g., euthymic, anxious, depressed).

How is "Misidentification" defined within the perception section of the MSE?

Falsely believing one recognizes a sound, person, taste or object.

How is "Depersonalization" defined within the perception section of the MSE?

Detachment from body, with reality feeling dreamlike.

What is the difference between "Insight" and "Judgment" in a Mental Status Exam?

Insight refers to self-awareness and understanding (often regarding someone's understanding of their mental illness), whereas judgment is the ability to make decisions based on available information.

Which neurotransmitters are listed in the lecture as being associated with altered neurons and mental function dysfunction?

Norepinephrine, serotonin, dopamine, glutamate, and \text{\textgamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)}.

How are brain imaging techniques classified in the lecture?

They are classified into structured imaging techniques (Computed tomography [CT] and Magnetic resonance imaging [MRI]) and functional imaging techniques (Positron emission tomography [PET] and Single photon emission computed tomography [SPECT]).

What is considered the 7th step in the nursing process, and what is its primary purpose?

Documentation; its primary purpose is to record relevant information so the patient receives the best and most personalized care.

What basic interventions are included in Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing Implementation?

Coordination of care, health teaching and health promotion, milieu therapy, and pharmacological, biological, and integrative therapies.

What advanced-practice interventions are included in Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing Implementation?

Psychotherapy and consultation.

What three criteria must evaluation meet in psychiatric mental health nursing?

It must be systematic, ongoing, and criteria-based.

According to Group A's scenario, what common adverse effects are associated with typical antipsychotics due to dopamine receptor blockade?

Extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS), tardive dyskinesia, and neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS).

According to Group B's scenario, what key metabolic side effects require monitoring during atypical antipsychotic therapy?

Metabolic syndrome, including weight gain, hyperglycemia, and dyslipidemia.

According to Group E's scenario, what dangerous complication can arise when consuming tyramine-rich foods while taking Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs)?

Hypertensive crisis.

According to Group G's scenario, how do the mechanisms of action differ between benzodiazepines and buspirone?

Benzodiazepines act on $\text{GABA-A}$ receptors, whereas buspirone acts on serotonin ($\text{5-HT}_{1\text{A}}$) receptors.

According to Group J's scenario, how do methadone and buprenorphine/naloxone differ in their opioid receptor agonism?

Methadone acts as a full opioid receptor agonist, whereas buprenorphine acts as a partial opioid receptor agonist combined with naloxone.

What model is depicted in this slide to demonstrate the dynamic categories of mental health?

Mental Health Continuum Model, which spans across Healthy, Reacting, Injured, and Ill states.