B1 Word Family & Topic Vocabulary Exam Review

Vocabulary and word family review flashcards covering Unit 3 (Starting University), Week 4 (Cyborg Tech), Week 5 (The Power of Time Off), Week 6 (The Road to Happiness), and Week 7 (The Happy Planet Index).

Astronomy (Word Family)

Noun (person): astronomer; Adjective: astronomical; Adverb: astronomically.

Economics (Word Family)

Noun (person): economist; Adjectives: economic (relating to the economy) and economical (thrifty, avoiding waste).

Supervise (Word Family)

Noun: supervision; Adjective: supervisory.

Science vs. Scientific

Science is a noun denoting the systematic field of study, whereas scientific is the adjective meaning relating to or based on science.

Cyborg

A cybernetic organism combining mechanical and organic body parts (người lai máy).

Bionics

Electronic biological technology and the application of biological methods to engineering (công nghệ sinh học điện tử).

Cybernetic

Relating to cybernetics and automated control systems (thuộc điều khiển học).

Prosthetic (Word Family)

Adjective: prosthetic (referring to an artificial body part); Nouns: prosthesis (an artificial limb/part) and prosthetics (the field of artificial limbs).

Retina

The light-sensitive layer of tissue at the back of the eye (võng mạc).

Optic nerve

The cranial nerve that transmits visual input from the retina to the brain (dây thần kinh thị giác).

Auditory nerve

The sensory nerve responsible for transmitting sound impulses from the inner ear to the brain (dây thần kinh thính giác).

Compensate (Word Family)

Verb: compensate (to make up for); Noun: compensation; Adjective: compensatory.

Adapt (Word Family)

Verb: adapt; Noun: adaptation; Adjectives: adaptable / adaptive.

Perceive (Word Family)

Verb: perceive; Noun: perception; Adjective: perceptive.

Sabbatical

An extended leave of absence from career or employment (kỳ nghỉ dài hạn).

Calling

A strong inner vocation or ideal career path (thiên hướng / nghề nghiệp lý tưởng).

Hierarchy

A graded system of ranking or authority (hệ thống cấp bậc); Adjective: hierarchical.

Well-being

The general condition of health, contentment, and prosperity (trạng thái khỏe mạnh / hạnh phúc).

Ecological footprint

A quantitative measure of human demand on nature and natural resources (dấu chân sinh thái).

Life expectancy

The statistical average number of years a person is anticipated to live (tuổi thọ).

Per capita

Calculated per individual person in a population (bình quân đầu người).

Productivity vs. Production

Productivity is the rate of efficiency or output per unit of effort, whereas production is the process or volume of manufacturing goods.

Economic vs. Economical

Economic relates to trade, industry, and money in an economy, while economical means thrifty and cost-effective.

Effective vs. Effectively vs. Effectiveness

Effective is an adjective meaning producing the intended result; effectively is an adverb; effectiveness is a noun measuring how successful something is.

Sustain (Word Family)

Verb: sustain; Noun: sustainability; Adjective: sustainable; Adverb: sustainably.

Desolate (Word Family)

Adjective: desolate (deserted, bleak, or barren); Noun: desolation; Adverb: desolately.

Eloquent (Word Family)

Adjective: eloquent (articulate and persuasive in speech); Noun: eloquence; Adverb: eloquently.

Social responsibility

The ethical duty of an individual or organization to act for the benefit of society at large (trách nhiệm xã hội).