History of Psych Exam 3

Francis Galton

• invented meteorology (weather), finger prints, teletype machine (work that saves and can look back later), anthropologist, eugenics (racist/society should support good genes), and color blindness

• high IQ and could read from a very young age (around 5 years old)

• writes a book called “Tropical South Africa” and “The art of travel”

• interested in measurements and individual differences wherever he went (observing the world around him) *leads to testing

• made a beauty map of England (rated each town in relation to the attractiveness of females)

• Kensington Park (puts a tent in the park and takes measurements of people who stop by/head size and body size, memory, reaction, and physical strength)

• relates genius with heredity (certain families are smarter than others)

• comes up with bell curve (equal distribution with average range), develops the idea of eugenics (what race we want more of)

• studied prayer efficacy (is prayer useful), parliament hates this idea, studied prayer over King and Queen and missionaries (popular groups to pray for)

What does Pearson come up with

correlation, Pearson r

James Kattell

• first American to study with Wundt

• goes to Cambridge and meets Galton

• founded University College of Pennsylvania (psychology program)

• IQ testing (psychological corportation, copyright on testing)

• develops the freshman test (assessing all the students measurements) *listing letters in the alphabet, counting 10 sec

• does more testing at Columbia using Pearsons correlation (discovered theres no relation to IQ) 50 PhD students

• has 7 children, believe in eugenics (homeschooled, will pay them to marry someone with a degree)

• his students: Woodworth (experimental psych/textbook), Thordike (behaviorism), Strong (interest inventorys/career development style assesments, jobs attract people of the same interest)

• gets fired from Columbia and goes into publishing/doing more IQ testing (publishes in journals: Psych review and Science)

• helped found APA and AAAS

William James

• never sudied under any psychology professor (first lecture he heard in psych was the one he gave)

• originally started in chemistry

• went to schools in France, Germany, and US; meaning he could speak multiple languages

• discoveres opium and ether

• goes into a depression (believes he has free will to get over depression) which makes him interested in philosophy how that mind can overcome things (gets PhD)

• has book called Principles of Psychology (took 12 yrs to write/1400 pages) shorter version was called the Jimmy

• Psychic phenomenon